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Negara-negara Islam sewajarnya hubungan ekonomi rapat

Hubungan Ekonomi Malaysia-Arab Saudi(determinants) oleh Asmady Idris Kasim Hj. Mansur 2 nd International Seminar on Islamic Thought [ISOIT] “Islam and Muslims : Issues & Challenges” 6-7 October UKM. Negara-negara Islam sewajarnya hubungan ekonomi rapat

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Negara-negara Islam sewajarnya hubungan ekonomi rapat

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  1. Hubungan Ekonomi Malaysia-Arab Saudi(determinants) oleh Asmady IdrisKasim Hj. Mansur2nd International Seminar on Islamic Thought [ISOIT]“Islam and Muslims : Issues & Challenges”6-7 October UKM

  2. Negara-negara Islam sewajarnya hubungan ekonomi rapat • Dalam kes Malaysia-Arab Saudi keadaan adalah sebaliknya

  3. SenarioHubunganEkonomi : • Arab Saudi – rakandaganganM’siake-27 • 1960an-2000 : <RM3.7 billion (AS, Singapura & Jepun – RM20 billion-RM70 billion) • Imbangandagangansentiasadefisit • 5 sahajaperjanjianperdagangan – The Economic & Technical Cooperation Agreement (1975), The Cultural & Scientific Cooperation Agreement (1976), The Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreement (1993), Investment Guarantee Agreements (2000) & Agreement on the Accession of Saudi Arabia to the WTO (2000)

  4. 3 perkarautama yang bolehmenjelaskansenariohubunganekonomi Malaysia-Arab Saudi • a. kedua-duanegara ‘terikat’ dgn‘parent countries’ (Malaysia-UK, Arab Saudi-Amerika Syarikat) – pembekalbahanmentahkenegaraibuini • Lebihrapatdgn negara2 majuuntukcapai status negaraindustri – (ISI, EOI, NICs-Malaysia), (Aramco-Arab Saudi, Five Year Plan – UNDP, 1970-1990)….

  5. b. aktivitiekonomi • Eksport-import : 1960-2002, kecuali 1986, 1989-1995 & 1998-1999 tidakdefisit – sebab import minyak petroleum drp Arab Saudi • 1979-1980 – revolusi Iran – defisitygbesar • Polisiygsukar – cukaimahal (Jeddah, 12%), ekspotmelalui Dubai (4%) – eksportsemulake Jeddah • Produk Malaysia – ubatan2, minyaksawit – SIRIM tidakdiiktiraf – hanya FAO ETC • Penajawarga Saudi diperlukanutkdapat visa perniagaan

  6. Pelaburan Saudi ke Malaysia • Malaysia terimabantuankewangan SR312.30 jutadrp Saudi Fund Development – 1975, 1976 & 1983 • Mid-1980an – bantuanterhenti – status negaramembangun • Pelaburansaudibermula 1990an • 1990-97 : 8 projek (RM139.6 juta) – tekstil, plastik, elektronik • 1998-2000 : 2 projekpembuatanditerimadrp Saudi – total : RM158,125,742 • China (40 projek) Jerman (97 projek), Jepun (622 projek), Singapura (722 projek), US (206 projek)

  7. Pelancongan – sejak tragedi 11 sept, 2001 – pelancong Saudi dan Timur Tengah meningkat mendadak • Saudi 1992 – 9,208 orang hingga 45,007 (2002) • Jumlah pelancong Timur Tengah ke Malaysia pasca 11 sept. 2001 – 110 000 orang (sekitar 15000-20000 org 1992-1993)

  8. Pekerjaasing • Malaysia dansaudisama : penerimapekerjaasing • Saudi ada 3 jutapekerjaasing (1980an) – penghujung 1990an 7-8 jutaorang (India – 3 juta, Pakistan – 1 juta, Bangladesh – 1 juta, Filipina – 900,000, Indonesia – 900,000), Malaysia 942 ‘expatriates’ – 80% sebagaijururawat • Gajijururawat SR7,000 – SR12,000, nisbahjururawat – pesakitdi Malaysia; 1 : 970 (public hospital, 2001)

  9. Struktursistempolitik-ekonomiantarabangsa • Pergantunganygberterusandgnnegaralebihmaju • Malaysia suatuketikamencapaikejayaanpertumbuhanekonomisebelumkrisiskewangan 1997 – begitujugasaudi • Pasaranantaabangsa, peluangkerjasamadgnnegaramajumemberipulangan yang banyakberbandingsesamamereka • Ditambahdengankemudahan GSP (Generalized Special Preferences) diberikanolehnegaramajukpdnegaramiskindanmembangunutkmemasarkanprodukmerekatermasuklah Malaysia • Usaha lebihterarahutkkukuhkanhubungandgnnegarayglebihmaju

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