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Vital Signs!

Vital Signs!. The first step of a patient exam. Temperature. Tidbits on Temps. Normal Adult: 97.8-99.1 Farenheit Children run slightly higher… Most common way is oral Most inaccurate way is axillary Most accurate and fastest way is ….. Rectal!.

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Vital Signs!

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  1. Vital Signs! The first step of a patient exam

  2. Temperature

  3. Tidbits on Temps Normal Adult: 97.8-99.1 Farenheit Children run slightly higher… Most common way is oral Most inaccurate way is axillary Most accurate and fastest way is ….. Rectal!

  4. Heart Rate Adult normal : 60-100 beats per minute Look, listen or feel…. Look: Using a cardiac monitor Listen: Using your stethoscope Feel: Radial ( Wrist) Pulse or Carotid (Neck)

  5. Respiratory Rate Normal Adult : 8-12 breaths per minute Look or listen….. Look at chest rising Listen with stethoscope – most accurate. 1 respiration is a full inhale and exhale

  6. Blood Pressure Normal Adult : Below 120 systolic and 80 diastolic Prehypertension: 130-139 systolic and 81-89 diastolic Hypertension : greater than 140 systolic and 90 diastolic

  7. What is Blood Pressure The mechanical event of the heart is called the cardiac cycle = systole and diastole– the period of one heartbeat to the period of the next.

  8. Blood Pressure The atrium fills, the valves open, the blood moves to the ventricles and then the ventricle contract (systole)and blood is sent out to the aorta and the pulmonary artery. Then the ventricles relax ( diastole)and the cycle starts all over again.

  9. Systolic Blood Pressure • Systole is the heart during ventricular contraction. The pressure in the blood vessels is higher during this time as blood is being “pumped out” of the ventricles. • Systolic blood pressure is indicated by the “ top” number. • 120/60 – the systolic number is 120

  10. Diastolic Blood Pressure • Diastole is when the ventricles are at rest. The Tricuspid and Mitral valves are open and blood is filling the ventricles from the atrium. The pressure is lower in the blood vessels at this time. • Diastolic blood pressure is indicated by the “ bottom” number. • 120/60 – the diastolic number is 60.

  11. High Blood Pressure • Hypertension = The silent killer! Very few symptoms of HTN until it is too late!

  12. Hypertension Symptoms : Headache, blurred vision, red face Risk Factors: Poor diet – salt and fat, tobacco, obesity, stress, race, sex, diabetes, genetics

  13. Complications of Hypertension • 1) Stroke • 2) Heart Attack • 3) Peripheral Artery Disease • 4) Retinopathy • 5) Kidney Failure

  14. Vital Signs Brought to you by Enid Berg, RN.

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