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AAC Assessment Feature Matching

AAC Assessment Feature Matching. Kim Ho, PhD CCC-SLP. Overview. Return Quiz Two, EBP assignment Review Well-built question Assessment lecture Feature Matching. Purpose of AAC Assessment. Communicatively competent Meet current communication needs Prepare for future communication needs.

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AAC Assessment Feature Matching

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  1. AAC AssessmentFeature Matching Kim Ho, PhD CCC-SLP

  2. Overview • Return Quiz Two, EBP assignment • Review Well-built question • Assessment lecture • Feature Matching

  3. Purpose of AAC Assessment • Communicatively competent • Meet current communication needs • Prepare for future communication needs

  4. Steps in Assessment Gathering and analysis of information for: • Assess current communication • Communication needs • AAC systems and equipment • Instruction (Trial therapy) • Outcome evaluation

  5. AAC Assessment Models • Candidacy Model • Communication Needs Model • Participation Model

  6. Principles of Participation Model • Principle 1: Assessment is on-going • Principle 2: Intervention to facilitate meaningful communication and participation • Principle 3: Identification of actual and potential opportunity barriers •  Principle 4: Everyone can communication. Everyone does communicate. • Principle 5: Technology alone does not make a competent communicator

  7. Phases of AAC Assessment • Phase I: Initial Assessment for Today • Assess current communication needs • Assess physical, cognitive, language, and sensory capabilities • Support immediate communication interaction • Match today’s needs and capabilities

  8. Phases of AAC Assessment • Phase II: Detailed Assessment for Tomorrow • Communication system for specialized environments, beyond the familiar ones • Requires careful assessment of the individual’s expected participation patterns

  9. Phases of AAC Assessment • Phase III: Follow-up Assessment • Maintaining AAC system that meets the changing capabilities and lifestyles • Periodically examine communication equipment • Assess needs and abilities of communication partners • Reassess the capabilities of the AAC user • Vital and frequent phase for a degenerative illness

  10. Activity/Standards Inventory • Assess participation patterns of peers • Independent • Independent with setup • Verbal assistance • Physical assistance • Unable to participate • Assess participation effectiveness of target individual • Identify participation barriers • Assess opportunity and access barriers

  11. Identify Participation Barriers • Opportunity barriers: imposed by others • Cannot be eliminated simply by providing an AAC system/intervention • Example • Access barriers: limitations in the current capabilities or support system • Example

  12. Opportunity Barriers • See Figure 6.3 • Practice • Attitude • Knowledge • Skill

  13. Policy Barriers • Legislative or regulatory decisions • May be unwritten • Two main types • Segregation policies • Limited –Use policies

  14. Practice Barriers • Procedures have become common aren’t actual policies • Staff may actually think they are legislated policies • Example

  15. Attitude Barriers • The beliefs held by an individual rather than a policy • Example • Negative or restrictive attitudes • Most common example is reduced expectations

  16. Knowledge Barriers • Lack of information on the part of someone other than the AAC user • May seem like attitude barriers • Example

  17. Skill Barriers • Supporters have difficulty with the actual implementation AAC • Example

  18. Access Barriers • Capabilities, attitudes and resources of the potential AAC users • Lack of mobility, difficulty with fine motor control, cognitive limitations, sensory-perceptual impairments

  19. Access Barriers – Current Communication • Figure 6.4 to • Everyone does communicate • Assess operational and social aspects of communicative competence • Examples • Figure 6.5 types of messages

  20. Assess Potential to Use or Increase Natural Speech • Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS; Osberger, 1992) • Team interviews family members • Each item scored on a scale of 0-4 • Hammen et al. (1991) and Dowden (1997) tool • Comprehensibility –listener can understand speech in natural context

  21. Assess Current Communication Cont’d • Assess Potential for Environmental Adaptations • Assess Potential to Utilize AAC Systems or Devices. Includes an: • Operational requirements profile • Constraints profile, an • Capability profile

  22. Constraints Profile – Family Preferences • The most important constraint • May include concerns about • System portability, durability, and appearance • Time and skills required to learn system • Quality and intelligibility of speech output • The “naturalness” of the communication exchange • Example • Family and potential AAC user may not share same concerns

  23. Constraints Profile • Preferences and attitudes of other communication partners • Research in this area • Abilities of Communication Partners • Must be able to understand the messages conveyed • Example

  24. Funding • Figure 6.7 • Medical necessity • Appropriate terminology • Feature Match Grid • See sample reports • Prescription Letter

  25. Assessment of Specific Capabilities • See Chapter 7 • Criteria-Based Assessment • Assess if potential user can use specific communication techniques or devices • Team gathers information and makes decisions

  26. Predictive Assessment or Feature Matching • First assess capabilities of user • Then predict devices that may work for individual • Set up a trial with device for a period of time

  27. Appendix A Feature Matching Grid Autsin’s Needs Springboard Plus Vanguard Plus Pathfinder Plus Alarms  Audible Prompts    Dynamic & Static Display  Extensive Memory   Icon Prediction    Infared environmental control   LAM software   Minserts  Notebooks   Semantic Compaction    Variable Font Sizes    Cost $2,295 $7,095 $7,995

  28. Limitations of Norm-Referenced Tests • Usually can’t be delivered in a standardized manner • Must adapt • Norms are NOT appropriate for severe disabilities

  29. Principles of Assessment • Principle 1: Identify strengths and abilities, not weaknesses and impairments • Principle 2: Address seating and positioning concerns before finalizing motor access • Principle 3: Discover motor capabilities, not to describe motor problems • Principle 4: Enhance the process of matching an AAC user to an appropriate AAC technique or device

  30. Components of Assessment • Assess Positioning and Seating • Assess Motor Capabilities • Assess Cognitive/Linguistic Capabilities • Cognitive Assessment • Symbol Assessment • Language Assessment • Literacy Assessment • Sensory/Perceptual Assessment • Vision and hearing

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