“ REHABILITATION OF THE INMATES IN THE ROMANIAN PRISON SYSTEM ”

1. “REHABILITATION OF THE INMATES IN THE ROMANIAN PRISON SYSTEM” Cătălin Claudiu BEJAN, Deputy general director National Administration of Penitentiaries

2. Romanian Penitentiary System 31.700 inmates/11.500 staff members

3. Romanian Penitentiary System. Social Reintegration of Inmates “Preparing the detainees for release begins immediately after taking over and develops progressively, whatever the length of the sentence and the imprisonment conditions.” art. 87 Applicability Regulation of Law no. 275/2006 on the execution of punishments and of the measures imposed by the judicial bodies during the criminal trial

4. NEEDS ASSESMENT OF THE INMATES (I) Educational, psychological and social assessment Underlies the design of any educational, psychological and socialundertaking and considers identifying the main needs and characteristics of the detainees, aiming at designing the specific intervention. The findings of the appraisals underlies completing the necessary documents for decision making in the commissions formed at the penitentiary level.

5. allow a standardized approach of the appraisal activity in all the penitentiary system, as well as filling in the information in the educational and psychosocial assistance folders, for every detainee. The informations are filled in the specific fields of the computer program applicationPMSWeb. NEEDS ASSESMENT OF THE INMATES (II) Assessment instrumentsof the educational, psychological and social needs

6. Intervention for recovery Recovery undertakings for detainees are: individual in groups associated with the educational, psychological and social domain Educational, psychological and social programmes represent structured undertakings, made of an assembly of activities which use methods and techniques specific to each intervention domain, directed towards compensating identified needs and risks, from the perspective of delinquent behaviour.

7. School instruction of the detainees represent one of the main methods of the intervention for recovery, taking into consideration the fact that a significant percentage of the delinquents have a tuition level below the mandatory state schooling Intervention forrecovery School instruction(I)

8. Intervention forrecovery School instruction(II) Comparative situation for the inmates school registration • Dynamic participation of the inmates to the school activities, reflecting the evolution of the legal framework, with direct consequences for the beneficiaries motivational factor.

9. Training represents an essential activity in the context of facilitating social inclusion and insertion of ex-detainees on the labour market. Intervention forrecoveryTraining (I)

10. Intervention forrecoveryTraining (II) Evolution of inmates participating in training activities (2007 - 2012) Compared to the general population, in 2012, the share of inmates in a trade qualified by training programs is 11.2%, while those who received outreach, counseling and job mediation is 12.2% .

11. Intervention for recoveryArtistic activities and culture distribution Artistic activities: • painting, drawing, graphics, pottery, sculpture, technical, fretwork, handicraft, embroidery, arras, basketry, tapestry, confection; • reading meetings, literary creation, literary circle, theatre, music, dancing; • other artistic displays. Cultural activities: • galleries, films, performances; • conferences, lectures, debating, reviews, book launches, magazines, tv – radio local shows. Other activities: Religious activities conducted by Pastor unit; Sports activities, competitions; Activities with external partners; Activities inter prisons; Activities in the community.

12. Intervention for recoveryEDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES Educational programmesrepresent a structured ensemble of activities, which use psycho-pedagogic methods and techniques and have as purpose compensating the educational needs of the detainees. The programmes being implemented aim at: Knowledge universe Adaptation to institutional life Civic education Health education Alphabetization Family life education

13. Intervention for recovery PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE (I) Specific psycho-social assistance programmes ensure needs compensation for the following categories: With toxicomania records With psychical affections Sexual aggressors Aggressive behaviour Special needs With suicide risk Elders Psychological counselling – semi structured undertaking with a specific character, carried out with the purpose of prevention and improvement of emotional, cognitive and behaviour problems and assisting the detainee in identifying necessary solutions for overcoming existing difficulties.

14. Intervention for recovery PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE (II) • Specific intervention programs for consumers / individuals with a history of substance abuse and / or alcohol • its established to support the activities of the multidisciplinary teams comprising in all penitentiaries; • directs recuperative approaches addressed to this category of persons in custody of the prisons, by the members of the psychosocial intervention services; • implementation of these programs falls on the Department of Social Reintegration efforts to meet the realities revealed by practical training at the level of the prison (the prison population increased incidence in former addicts, drug dealers and drug related crime inmates / addiction ), and the need to integrate the efforts of the National Strategy to Combat Trafficking and Drug Use

15. Intervention for recovery PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE (III) • Therapeutic communities • In Jilava prison of Bucharest, Bucharest-Rahova and Târgşor were established three therapeutic communities, according to their responsibilities within the project "Establishing Therapeutic Communities in Rahova 3 Romanian Penitenciaries, Jilava and Târgşor • The project is based on the principles of sustainable social development, consistent with the philosophy, approach and methods of therapeutic communities in Norway, which have proved to be effective in the task of rehabilitation of former drug users; • Therapeutic communities provide a moral and ethical framework and context for personal development, focusing on positive examples and models that can produce a change of attitude regarding drug trafficking and consumption; • creates the potential for a planning period of detention, guided by the operating procedures and a treatment plan that will lead to increased chances of social reintegration.

16. Intervention for recovery PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANCE (IV) The benefits for the inmates, while participating in such a program are: • Prevention of drug consumption; • awareness of the causes that led to drug abuse; • formation of independent and critical thinking skills; • capacity building of emphaty, pro-social and interpersonal competencies of relationships; • increasing the capacity of emotional self-expression; • self control improvement; • developing positive attitude regarding health and against drug abuse; • developing skills and personal resources; • self esteem strengthening; • developing communication abilities and assertive behaviour; • prevention of decompensation.

17. Intervention for recoverySsocial work programmes • Social work programmescover the following problems: Developing decision skills in risk situations of breaking the law Reducing re-offending risk Developing relations with support environment Preventing domestic violence Developing social skills Developing parental skills • Counseling on social problems-semi structured undertaking with a specific character, through which qualified support is conferred to the detainees, for improving and solving social problems and preparing them for family and community reintegration after release. • Social mediation – entirety of undertakings by the social worker of the penitentiary system in regard to public institutions, associations or national and international organizations, support environment of the detainees.

18. Motivating the detainees. THE CREDIT SYSTEM • Unitary system, objective, predictable, which makes responsible the detainees ; • Objective, reasonable and transparent system, which determines the detainees’ behaviour, pro-social; • The possibility of extending the ”Credit system” for passing from one sentence regime to another, both progressive and regressive, respectively for individual analysis and formulating proposals for conditional release • Unitary practice at the penitentiary system level and eliminating corruption. • “Credit system”is formed from: • Number of credits correspondent to every type of reward; • Number of deductible credits, correspondent to every type of disciplinary sanction applied; • Number of credits correspondent to graduation or completion of educational, psychological and social assistance programmes and activities; • Number of credits correspondent to participating in lucrative activities; • Number of credits correspondent to risk situations. How does it work?! • For every category of activity, to every participant is allocated a number of credits, established depending on the complexity of the activity or graduated/completed programme. • Centralizing the cumulated/reduced credits is implicitly ensured by the computer program application platform.

19. The penitentiary, whose purpose is to reintegrate detainees, does not work without a solid partnership with the society, and the Romanian penitentiary system, integrated in the international penitentiary system, has its own solutions: developing a national strategy for social inclusion of the detainees Continuity of the intervention. Project NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR SOCIAL REINTEGRATION OF INMATES

20. NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR SOCIAL REINTEGRATION OF THE INMATES It is the result of a substantiation process of future inter-institutional actions, correlated with the provisions of the Penitentiary System Strategy (2012-2016), which aims: • involving public and community institutions, associations and non profit organisations; • aattracting resources for carrying out the support activities for detainees with the purpose of their adopting life models, in accordance with legal and social norms and of reintegration.

21. DISSCUSIONS catalin.claudiu.bejan@anp.gov.ro