OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogens

1. Kentucky Education and Workforce Development Cabinet Occupational Health and Safety ProgramBloodborne Pathogen Exposure

2. OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogens PURPOSE-Limits occupational exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials, since any exposure could result in transmission of bloodborne pathogens which could lead to disease or death.

3. OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogens Standard SCOPE-Covers all employees with occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials as a function of their jobs.

4. What are Bloodborne Pathogens? Bloodborne pathogens are micro-organisms in the bloodstream that cause diseases.

5. What are Other Potentially Infectious Materials (OPIM)? • Human body fluids listed in the standard. • Unfixed tissue or organ (other than intact skin) from a living or dead human.

6. HIV containing cell or tissue cultures, organ cultures. • Blood, organs or other tissues from experimental animals infected with HIV or HBV.

7. Occupational Exposure Reasonably anticipated skin, mucous membrane or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of an employee’s duties.

8. Occupational Exposure Employers are to evaluate each job task and procedure to determine which employees may be expected to be occupationally exposed to blood or other potentially infectious materials.

9. Occupational Exposure Exposure determination is made without regard to the use of personal protective equipment.

10. Occupational Exposure OSHA expects an employer to take into account all potential circumstances of exposure (biting, contact with skin lesions, and/or potentially infectious secretions) when determining occupational exposure.

11. Occupational Exposure Based on potential contact with blood and other potentially infectious materials. The employer is to select the appropriate personal protective equipment in accordance with the standard.

12. Occupational Exposure-First Aid Trained Employees First aid trained employees assigned to provide emergency first aid as part of their specific job duties are covered by the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. GOOD SAMARITAN ACTS-Not covered by the standard.

13. Occupational Exposure-First Aid Trained Employees Kentucky OSHA requires that employers with 8 or more employees with in the establishment have persons adequately trained to render first aid.

14. Occupational Exposure-First Aid Trained Employees Employers with fewer than 8 employees shall, in the absence of an infirmary, clinic or hospital in near proximity to the workplace, have a person or persons adequately trained to render first aid.

15. Occupational Exposure-First Aid Trained Employees OSHA Enforcement Procedures for the Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens states an employee trained in first aid and identified by the employer as responsible for rendering medical assistance as part of the job duties is covered by the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard.

16. Occupational Exposure-First Aid Trained Employees An employee who routinely provides first aid to fellow employees with the knowledge of the employer may also fall de facto under the BBP Program even if the employer has no officially designated employee as a first aid provider.

17. Occupational Exposure-First Aid Trained Employees Employers with designated first aid providers are required to offer the hepatitis B Vaccine to the providers before they are exposed.

18. Occupational Exposure Collateral Jobs Those positions that do not have occupational exposure to blood or other potential infectious body fluids.

19. Occupational Exposure Employees in Collateral Jobs • Maintenance Workers • Good Samaritan Acts • Office Staff • Janitorial Employees

20. Planning and Assessment • Bloodborne Pathogen Plan for cabinet. • Bloodborne Pathogen Plan for each central office-Contained in the Cabinet Safety Plan.

21. Planning and Assessment • Bloodborne Pathogen Plan for each field office-Contained in the Safety Plan for the office.

22. Bloodborne Pathogens The three most significant bloodborne pathogens found in the workplace: • HIV-Human Immunodeficiency Virus. • Hepatitis-B Virus. • Hepatitis-C Virus.

23. Hepatitis B Control Each employee with occupational exposure will within 10 days of employment shall: • Provide evidence of receiving three doses of Hepatitis B vaccine; or • Provide evidence of a positive Antibody to Hepatitis; or

24. Hepatitis B Control • Sign a form consenting to be vaccinated or to finish an incomplete vaccination series; or • Specifically decline vaccination by signing a Declination Form.

25. Hepatitis B Control Provided at no cost to the employee. Provided at a reasonable time and place and performed by or under the supervision of a licensed physician or other health care professional.

26. Staff Training Provided at no cost to the employee annually. • Training Records • Dates of each training session. • Content specific syllabus and any information distributed to employees.

27. Staff Training • Names and job titles of all persons attending the training. • Records shall be retained for 3 years from the date of training.

28. Employee Medical Records Retained by Employer • Documentation of up-to-date hepatitis B vaccination. • Incident Reports. • Results of post exposure testing and follow-up.

29. Employee Medical Records Retained by Employer • Copy of physician’s written opinion. • Copy of any written information provided to the employee.

30. Employee Medical Records Retained by Employer • Records are confidential and cannot be disclosed without the employee’s express written consent. • Records must be retained for 30 years following end of employment.

31. Employee Medical Records Retained by Employer • Records must be kept separate from personnel records.

32. Blood Defined as human blood, human blood components, and products made from human blood.

33. Other Potentially Infectious Materials (OPIM) • Saliva in dental procedures. • Semen. • Vaginal secretions. • Internal body fluids.

34. Other Potentially Infectious Materials (OPIM) • Body fluids visibly contaminated with blood. • Body fluids in situations where it is difficult or impossible to identify type of fluid.

35. Other Potentially Infectious Materials (OPIM) • AmnioticFluid-Bacteria and Fungal Germs. • Cerebrospinal Fluid-Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses. • Feces-Bacteria, Rotavirus, Hepatitis A Virus.

36. Other Potentially Infectious Materials (OPIM) • NasalDischarge-Common cold virus, Influenza Virus, HIV and Hepatitis B Virus. • PericardialFluid-Organisms that can cause infections.

37. Other Potentially Infectious Materials (OPIM) • PeritonealFluid-Organisms that can cause infections. • Pleural Fluid-Organisms that can cause disease.

38. Other Potentially Infectious Materials (OPIM) • Saliva-Common cold virus, Influenza Virus. • Urine-Cytomegalovirus, Mononucleosis Virus.

39. Other Potentially Infectious Materials (OPIM) • Semen-Gonorrhea, Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, HIV. • Synovial-Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses, Blood in Fluid.

40. How Bloodborne Pathogens are Transmitted An employee must make contact with contaminated fluids and permit a way to enter the body.

41. How Bloodborne Pathogens Enter the Body • Direct blood inoculation-placenta, transfusion, blood products. • Accidental injury which breaks, punctures or cuts the skin or mucous membranes (Parenteral Contact).

42. How Bloodborne Pathogens Enter the Body • Non-sterile technique when tattooing, body piercing, sharing injections. • Open cuts, nicks, and skin abrasions, even dermatitis and acne.

43. How Bloodborne Pathogens Enter the Body • Mucous membranes (i.e. mouth, eyes (contact lenses), nose. • Sexual intercourse (any type).

44. How Bloodborne Pathogens Enter the Body • Indirect transmission (touching something that is contaminated and then touching an opening in the skin).

45. Virus Survival • HIV-can survive only a short time outside the body. • HBV-can survive up to a week outside the body at room temperature. • HCV-unknown.

46. Hepatitis-B (HBV) Hepatitis means “inflammation of the liver.” HBV is the major infectious bloodborne hazard on the job.

47. Hepatitis-B (HBV) Affects approximately 8,700 employees a year, resulting in more than 400 hospitalizations and 200 deaths.

48. Hepatitis-B (HBV) Flu-like symptoms, becoming so severe as to require hospitalization.

49. Hepatitis-B (HBV) Illness may last 6 months to 2 years. In some cases, HBV damages the liver so severely it leads to cirrhosis and possible death.

50. Hepatitis-B (HBV) Some people exhibit no symptoms at all and most people recover in time.