语法 — 形容词及比较级、最高级

1. 语法—形容词及比较级、最高级 黄家锡伯族学校 汤金娜

2. Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs Unit 9 Grammar 无比较级变化的形容词：wrong, right, empty, dead, perfect, unique, full, real, etc. 2. 比较级的用法： 1）比较级+than 2) the + 比较级+ of the two 3) the + 比较级+主谓…, the + 比较级+主谓… 比较级+and + 比较级 more and more + adj. 原级 （“越来越…”）

3. 3. 能够修饰比较级的adv.： even, still, much, far/by far, a little, a lot, a bit, slightly, etc. e.g. Your watch is faster than mine. Time is more valuable than money. He is the taller of the two brothers. It’s getting warmer and warmer. She becomes more and more beautiful. The higher you go, the colder you feel. The richer he became, the more he wanted.

4. I’m older than she by 3 years. = I’m senior to her by 3 years. = I’m he senior by 3 years. = I’m 3 years older than she. = I’m 3 years her senior.

5. 4. 比较级的惯用语 • no more than: nothing more than = only 只有，仅仅 no less than: as much / many as 与…同样多 not more than: at most 至多 not less than: at least 至少 no more … than …= neither …nor… 和…一样不… no less …. than …= as… as 与….一样 not more … than …=less…than 不如… not less… than… = more … than …比… 更… e.g. He has no more than 20 yuan. The man has no less than3 houses.

6. His family has not less than 24 people now. She is no more beautiful than Mary. = Neither she nor Mary is beautiful. We’re no less diligent than American students. = We are as diligent as the American students. He is not more clever than his brother. Farmers are not less important than factory workers. Notes: less + adj. 较不… least + adj. 最不…

7. *使用比较级是要注意的问题 1、在比较结构中，同等的两个事物才能比较。 2、替代问题： e.g. The song sounds more beautiful than that one. A bridge built of iron is much stronger than one built of stone. Red pencils are more popular with children than white ones. The grain output of this year is much higher than that of last year.

8. *使用比较级是要注意的问题 3、注意排他性。 e.g. Peter studies harder than any students in his class. (错误) Peter studies harder than any other student in his class. (正确)

9. 5. 最高级的用法 1) the + 最高级 + of / among + n. (pl.)在…之中最… 2. the + 最高级 + in + 表示范围的n.(单数) 3) the + 最高级 + that … ever …(曾经… 最…的) e.g. John is the wisest of all the students. He is the tallest student in our class. This is the longest bridge I’ve ever seen. Ann is the most generous girl I’ve ever met. 注意：most + adj. 如前无 the, 意为“very”。 e.g. The book you lent me is most interesting.

10. 6. 倍数的表达法 1) n. times + the + n. + of … e.g. The river is four times the length of that one. This hall is five times the size of our classroom.

11. Notes: adj. → n.： e.g. expensive / cheap → price heavy → weight large / big → size long → length wide → width much → sum / amount many → number tall → height old → age

12. 6. 倍数的表达法 2) n. times + as + adj. / adv. + as … e.g. Asia is four times as large as Europe. This book is three times as thick as your book.

13. Notes: as + adj. + as + num.(: “达…之多”) e.g. The building is as high as 20 stories. I had to travel as far as 300 miles. Mary bought as many as 12 good books in the new bookstore yesterday.

14. 6. 倍数的表达法 e.g. This box is five times bigger than that one. This river is three times longer than that one. 3) n. times + adj. / adv. 的比较级 + than …