What is the IHY, and why now?

1. How is it organized, and who will participate? What are the goals and objectives? What are the goals and objectives? What is the IHY, and why now?

2. Q. How do you plan an activity involving 1000’s of scientists and more than 70 nations? A. Advance planning, technology, and lots of hard work … but we have history on our side

3. Leadership: 1. IHY Secretariat 2. Regional Organizers 3. National Organizers 4.WorkingGroups Organizational Elements: 1. Scientists 2. Institutes and Scientific Orgs 3. Events 4. Observatories 5. Campaigns Special Programs: 1.U.N. Developing Nations Initiative 2. “IGY Gold” Historical Initiative 3. Education/ Public Outreach

4. IHY Secretariat Sponsored and Hosted by the American Geophysical Union, the IHY Secretariat includes: 1. Our new website location: ihy2007.org 2. Contact point, with IHY letterhead and official correspondence 3. Co-sponsored activities with other AGU committees and sections 4. A home for the “IGY Gold” program, co-sponsored by IUGG Executive Director: Joseph M. Davila International Coordinator: Nat Gopalswamy Director of Operations: Barbara J. Thompson Press Secretary: Steve Maran IGY History Committee: Ron Doel, chair Data Systems & Analysis Committee Publications: Rudolph Von Steiger, chair E/PO Advisory Committee Campaign Coordination Committee Developing Nations & Instrument Development Committee Currently the IHY website is located at ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov We will be migrating over to the ihy2007.org site in the next few months. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

5. Planning Process International Science Plan Presented to International Planning Committee Russia Obridko Europe J.-L. Bougeret, B. Schmieder United Nations Hans Haubold October 2004 May 2005 Latin America Machado, Blanco-Cano International Planning Meeting J. Davila (US), R. Jain (India), I. Veselovsky (FSU) J.-L. Bougeret (France) July 2005 Toulouse, France Japan/Australia Terasawa, Kosugi, Cairns October 2004 June 2005 India R. Jain, A. Bhattacharya July 2004 Africa Shahinaz Yousef, Harm Moraal China Guangli Huang August 2004 United States J. Davila April 2004 Spring 2005 Meeting Planned United Kingdom Richard Harrison Nov 2003 Meeting Complete IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

6. The IHY Master Database People Geographic Area or Region Scientific Organizations IHY Organizing Teams (International, National, Working Groups) Instruments and Observatories IHY Campaigns Scientific Interests and Disciplines Scientific Meetings and Events Historical Events IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

7. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

8. IHY Progress Schedule IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

9. IHY Scientific Observing Campaigns The year 2007 will be during solar minimum, approaching the rise phase of the solar cycle. This period is optimal because: • Establishing the heliosphere/geospace structural "context" will require more than a month of observations. • Many processes affecting geospace and climate take weeks to months to fully dissipate. To track these processes and the coupling in its entirety, we require activity surrounded by relatively quiet phases. • The heliospheric interaction with geospace will consist primarily of slow solar wind pressure interaction, punctuated by some high-speed streams, coronal mass ejections, and solar flares. These events are anticipated to occur somewhat in isolation, to differentiate between the effects. • A full year (plus a continuance of necessary observations in 2008) will allow for a study of all four terrestrial seasons. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

10. IHY Scientific Observing Campaigns The science goals of the IHY are broad and require the coordinated effort of observatories and scientists worldwide. The scientific success of IHY requires the encouragement of innovative research programs. However, the support of a large number of these programs can strain existing resources. • The IHY Scientific Campaigns will be facilitated through the Science Working Groups, which will stimulate campaign initiatives, establish scientific priorities, coordinate observations and assist in the management of resources. • Each of the observatories, instruments, and sources of relevant IHY data have at least one designated coordinator, who will serve as the primary contact when planning IHY observations. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

11. How IHY Campaigns Work Step 1. A potential campaign must be proposed through at least one campaign leader, who will serve as the chief coordinator and contact. -or- Step 1. A Science Working Group (SWG) identifies the need for a campaign and recruits. a campaign leader, who will serve as the chief coordinator and contact. Step 2. The campaign proposal includes the science objectives, lists potential participating observatories and scientists, and provides an explicit description of the required observations and resources. Step 3. The SWGs work with the Observatory Reps to determine the feasibility of the proposed observations and the scientific merit. When applicable, the Scientific Institution, Professional Organization reps and/or Emerging Nations Programs give input regarding campaign participation. Step 4. , the SWGs place the campaign on the IHY schedule, assisting the responsible Observatory Reps in executing the campaign observations (such as target coordination). Step 5. The Science Working Groups assist in the analysis and broaden the scientific impact of these campaigns by stimulating research, discussions, and activities at meetings. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

12. An "Example" IHY Campaign Step 1. Dr. Almira Glover proposes a campaign to study which eruptions on the Sun produce magnetic clouds at Earth. Step 2. Dr. Glover and her collaborators produce an IHY campaign proposal: Title: Solar Eruptions Producing Magnetic Clouds at Earth and at 1 AU Brief Objective: Perform a study of the magnetic structure of solar erupting regions and the associated CME structure associated with magnetic clouds at 1 AU. Include characteristics of erupting region, CME properties, possible propagation effects in the solar wind, to determine which aspects of the solar eruption can be used to predict cloud properties such as total flux, helicity, orientation, speed, and density. Method: Examine in situ magnetic field, density, and solar wind velocity data for magnetic clouds. Obtain total flux, helicity, orientation, speed and density of cloud. Based on arrival time and speed of magnetic cloud, use a simple propagation model to determine source eruption time. Obtain solar magnetic field, H alpha, EUV, Soft X-ray and coronagraph data to obtain properties of eruption and erupting region. Observations Required: BBSO, Wilson and MDI Magnetograms (hourly), GOES SXI images (as often as available), synoptic H alpha observations, STEREO EUVI and Coronagraph images (twice hourly), ACE solar wind observations Campaign Duration: 2 months should produce at least 10 candidate events. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

13. An "Example" IHY Campaign Step 3. The "Sun-Earth Transients" SWG (for example, the working groups haven’t been defined yet) forwards the proposal to the Observatory Representatives for BBSO, Wilson, MDI, GOES SXI, STEREO, and ACE SWEPAM, SWICS and MAG. Although only synoptic observations were requested, the SWG notes that the Meudon Observatory may be available to conduct a special high-cadence H-alpha campaign, and forwards the proposal to the Meudon Observatory Representative as well. The SWG also notes that another campaign to study the propagation characteristics of CMEs using a more intricate yet realistic model is also proposed. If possible, the SWG decides to run these campaigns concurrently so both objectives can enhance each other. Dr. Glover's proposal is reviewed, and it is approved by all of the observers except the STEREO Coronagraph Observatory Representative, who explains that observations will only be available hourly. The proposal is accepted contingent on the agreement that the research objective is still feasible with coronagraph observations at a decreased cadence. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

14. An "Example" IHY Campaign Step 4. Dr. Glover's campaign is approved, and it is placed on the schedule to run daily from 14 July through 22 September. Other observatories are invited to participate if interested. A daily target is chosen by a modeler on Webb's team, and the target is forwarded to the participating observatories and posted on the IHY Campaign website. The observation data is catalogued via the IHY virtual campaign database, and is thereafter accessible to IHY researchers and the public. Step 5. The "Sun-Earth Transients" SWG assists in identifying researchers who may assist in the production of scientific results. They contact the campaign leader for the solar eruption propagation campaign and suggest that they work with Dr. Glover's team. They also identify a solar magnetic field model which includes non-potential effects, and suggest that Glover's team might benefit from using the model. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

15. The IHY Campaign Site The IHY Campaign site contains all of the logistics for IHY campaign planning. It includes: • The Science Working Group Objectives, leaders and participants • Approved and Proposed Campaigns • Participating Observatories and Observatory Representatives • Campaign observing targets • Modelers • IHY participants interested in the Campaign's scientific topic • Scientific Publications Relevant to the Campaign's scientic topic • A searchable IHY Campaign calendar • A searchable IHY Science Planning Database • A searchable IHY Campaign Database IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

16. Our model requires at least a 2-minute cadence (LRH) WIND MAG can only work at a 5-minute cadence (KRN) ACE MAG has sufficient cadence The IHY Campaign Planning Wiki Campaign Leaders: Working Groups: Instruments: Almira Glover Tyler Durden Shocks Magnetic Structure ACE MAG ACE EPAM ACE SEPICA Big Bear Solar Observatory Bruny Island Radio Spectrometer (BIRS) Canopus Project Schedule: Oct 2007 Nov 2007 Models: CCMC GlobalRes NRL Magloop SAIC 3-D Solar Wind IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

17. The IHY Science Planning Database The IHY Science Planning Database is a resource which allows IHY researchers and participants to identify scientists and observatories for campaign coordination. Because every observatory must have at least one responsible scientist, the records are indexed by participants. Searchable fields include: • Participant name • Observatory - Representative (if the participant will be serving as the science planner and coordinator for observatory operations. Observatory Reps must be able to commit their instrument or observatory when needed, and are responsible for the execution of the campaign observations.) • Observatory - Analysis (some participants may be experts in data analysis for a particular measurement or instrument, but will not be responsible for campaign planning) • Type of Observation • Institution • Country • Scientific or Professional Organization • Scientific Topic (AGU Index Terms) • IHY Campaign or Initiative IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

18. The IHY Science Planning DatabaseRegister now!!At the “IHY Science” Section of ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

19. The IHY Campaign Database The IHY Campaign Database will allow IHY researchers to easily identify and access IHY campaign data. Searchable fields will include: • Start Date • End Date • Participating Observatory(s) • Participating Instrument(s) • Data Class • Data Format(s) • Campaign Number • Science Objective All campaign planning will be migrated to a Wiki-based planning site integrated with the Science Coordination Database and Events Calendar. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

20. Russian Participation in the IHY Vladimir Kuznetsov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Izmiran A great deal of the IGY’s success was due to the participation and dedication of a large community of Russian scientists. The IHY Russian planning activity is fully underway, and there are a number of Russian scientists and observatory prepared for participation in IHY. This includes the CORONAS-I, CORONAS-F and CORONAS-PHOTON missions, ground-based magnetometers, a spectromagnetograph, ionospheric monitors and an array of solar and galactic cosmic ray sites. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

21. Cosmic Ray and Neutron Flux Monitors for IHY at the Aragats Space Environmental Center Ashot Chilingarian, Aragats Space Environmental Center (ASEC) of the Cosmic Ray Division (CRD) of Alikhanian Physics Institute, Armenia Email: chili987@yahoo.com The ASEC consists of two high-altitude stations on Mt. Aragats in Armenia. Geographic coordinates: 40˚30′N, 44˚10′E. Cutoff rigidity: 7.6 GV, altitude 3200m and 2000 m a.s.l. At these stations, several monitors continuously measure the intensity of the secondary Cosmic Ray (CR) fluxes and send data to the Internet in real time (http://crdlx5.yerphi.am). The specifications of the ASEC monitors are shown in Table. A flexible 32-bit microcontroller-based Data Acquisition (DAQ) electronics is designed to support the combined neutron–muon detector system and utilize the correlated information from cosmic ray secondary fluxes, including environmental parameters (temperature, pressure and magnetic field). Microcontroller-based DAQ systems and high precision time synchronization of the remote installations via Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers are crucial ingredients of the new facilities on Mt. Aragats in Armenia. Main advantage of ASEC comparing with other CR monitoring centers is the multivariate, multidetector measurements of as many components of the changing secondary CR as possible. A sudden correlated variation in the flux of neutrons, muons, and electrons, detected by the surface monitors could be an indication of an upcoming severe radiation and geomagnetic storms. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

22. IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)

23. Where You Fit In You can: • serve as a coordinator between IHY and your scientific institution or organization to ensure overlap in scientific objectives • serve on one of the science working groups to assist in the development of scientific initiatives • help with the public outreach effort • assist in the development of programs for developing countries • contribute a story or "reminiscence" about IGY 1957 • propose and help coordinate an observing campaign • serve as an observatory coordinator • be creative - new suggestions and ideas are always welcome! IHY needs you, and we have opportunities for participants at any level of commitment. Email us at ihy@ ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov for more information! IHY (http://ihy.gsfc.nasa.gov)