Development through Entrepreneurship: Thoughts on the Journey so far

1. Development through Entrepreneurship: Thoughts on the Journey so far U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A L E S I N S T I T U T E, C A R D I F F | A R T H R O F A P R I F Y S G O L C Y M R U, C A E R D Y D D

2. Professor David Brooksbank Director of Enterprise Cardiff School of Management U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A L E S I N S T I T U T E, C A R D I F F | A R T H R O F A P R I F Y S G O L C Y M R U, C A E R D Y D D

3. Entrepreneurship Policy U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A L E S I N S T I T U T E, C A R D I F F | A R T H R O F A P R I F Y S G O L C Y M R U, C A E R D Y D D

4. THE ENTREPRENEURSHIP ACTION PLAN FOR WALES

5. Why Develop Entrepreneurship? • A persistent gap between the levels of prosperity in Wales compared with those of the UK. • GDP per head in Wales is 82.4% of the EU average, but in some parts of the country it is below 70%. • Wales has the second lowest weekly earnings in the UK • The birth rate of new businesses in Wales compared to the existing stock of business was at least 30% behind the UK. • Wales loses businesses at a faster rate than the UK .

6. Why Develop an Enterprise Strategy? • No overall entrepreneurship strategy to ensure an integrated approach to the delivery of such initiatives • Low perception of opportunities for new start-ups among the general public • Little incentive to encourage enterprising behaviour • Limited entrepreneurial education and training • Funding for business support initiatives was short term without co-ordinated dissemination of best practice • Business support services were fragmented and had limited entrepreneurial content • There was no consistency of monitoring or assessment of impact of initiatives across Wales

7. RECOGNISING THE OPPORTUNITY CHALLENGE Develop an Enterprise Culture • Change attitudes towards entrepreneurship. • Embed entrepreneurship through whole educational process • Widen the horizons of potential and actual entrepreneurs • Stimulate entrepreneurial behaviour within communities CREATING THE ENTERPRISE GOING FOR GROWTH CHALLENGE Create more start-up businesses and more businesses with growth potential CHALLENGE To increase the number & proportion of indigenous firms that grow to full potential • A co-ordinated national programme of start-up support based on ‘best practice’, that reflects the actual type of support required by the different types of business. • Specific initiatives in areas of funding and advice which are tailored to the specific needs of growth businesses The Entrepreneurial Pathway

8. Recognising the Opportunity THE CHALLENGE To create a greater awareness of the opportunities and rewards of entrepreneurship in order to encourage more people to start a business or to grow the business they are in, and to develop a greater entrepreneurial culture within our institutions, communities and businesses.

9. Where are we? • Only 4% of a recent poll of 1,000 adults in Wales described themselves as an entrepreneur • Only one in eight adults in Wales know an entrepreneur personally and one in five would like to be an entrepreneur • Richard Branson was named by over 30% as the most famous entrepreneur. Terry Matthews was the only Welsh person mentioned, but by less than 1%. The only women named were Anita Roddick and Linda McCartney • Reasons for people not wishing to become an entrepreneur were, ’I’m too old’, ’it’s too stressful’, ’too risky’, and finally ’I’m not made that way’.

10. Where do we want to be? • Need to raise the understanding of entrepreneurship and foster a culture of creativity, opportunity and entrepreneurship as being the norm and a positive life-option within Welsh society. • Wales needs to create an environment where, through the right support and encouragement, all people have equal opportunity to become entrepreneurs. • Entrepreneurial education programmes should be seen as a fundamental part of the development of an entrepreneurship culture. • Community enterprises should be fostered to act as a bridge for those in disadvantaged areas to return into mainstream economic activity.

11. How do we get there? • To change attitudes in Wales towards entrepreneurship by a continuous National Awareness Campaign, presenting business and entrepreneurship as positive life-options • Embed entrepreneurship education throughout the whole educational process • Widen the horizons of potential and actual Welsh entrepreneurs, exposing them to new ideas and opportunities and giving them the opportunity to ‘taste’ entrepreneurship. • Stimulate entrepreneurial behaviour within local communities throughout Wales, encouraging participation from all parts of society.

12. Creating the Enterprise THE CHALLENGE To create a greater number of sustainable start-up businesses in Wales with potential for further growth, particularly by under-represented groups of society such as women, the young, Welsh language speakers, ethnic minorities and retired workers.

13. Going for Growth THE CHALLENGE To increase the number of small businesses in Wales that grow, thereby creating wealth, employment and opportunity

14. Entrepreneurship Policy UK Action Plan EU Green Paper Etc. U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A L E S I N S T I T U T E, C A R D I F F | A R T H R O F A P R I F Y S G O L C Y M R U, C A E R D Y D D

15. Entrepreneurship U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A L E S I N S T I T U T E, C A R D I F F | A R T H R O F A P R I F Y S G O L C Y M R U, C A E R D Y D D

16. Entrepreneurship Reality U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A L E S I N S T I T U T E, C A R D I F F | A R T H R O F A P R I F Y S G O L C Y M R U, C A E R D Y D D

17. NEW BUSINESSES CREATED IN WALES IN PAST 2 YEARS ART AND DESIGN - CREATE ART WORKS FOR BUSINESSES AND TAKE DESIGN CONTRACTS BED AND BREAKFAST REGISTERED CHILDMINDER. CHILD MINDER SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TRAINING IN BUSINESS AND LIFE SKILLS REPAIR HEAVY CONSTRUCTION PLANTS CATERING EQUIPMENT ADVISER INDEPENDENT FINANCIAL ADVISOR, BOTH TO BUSINESS AND PERSONAL ENTERTAINMENT – PARTY ORGANISER PICTURE FRAMING & RESTORING

18. UPHOLSTERY SERVICES GAS INDUSTRY FITTER HAIRDRESSER SALON PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT HAULAGE ROAD FURNITURE REMOVAL BUSINESS CHILDREN INDOOR PLAYGROUND PROFESSIONAL SERVICE MANAGEMENT SERVICES ONLINE COMMUNITY BUSINESS PRINTING BUSINESS, LOW VOLUME STATIONARY PRINTING BUISNESS CARDS AND LETTERHEADS RESTAURANT ITC SERVICE BUSINESS/REFREGERATOR REPAIR/ ENERGY SURVEYS ANGLING SUPPLIES/ RETAIL. ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC ASSEMBLY MACHINES E.G WEBDESIGN OF MOBILE PHONES RETAIL FRANCHISE BUSINESS

19. CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS PRACTICE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT BEAUTY BUSINESS, TANNING SALON ACCOUNTANCY FIRM SELLING AGENT; SHE''S SELLING ANTIQUE FURNITURE; WHOLESALE FOR SPECIFIC CLIENTS DRIVING INSTRUCTOR STOP MOTION ANIMATOR (E.G. WALLIS AND GROMMIT). LORRY DRIVING, CONCRETE DELIVERY CONSULTING ENGINEER IN ELECTRICAL DESIGN, CHILD MINDER FROM HOME FARMING BEEF ARABLE LAND ENGINEERING PRESSURE VESSELS FARMING, BUYING AND SELLING LIVESTOCK, SHEEP AND CATTLE. HARDWARE RETAIL COMPANY GROUND CARE MAINTENENCE HARDWARE (SELLING BUSINESS) PROPERTY INVESTMENT

20. EXPORT CONSULTANCY CONTRACT CLEANING-SERVICE INDUSTRY CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY, PLASTERING CONTRACTS PLASTERS HOUSES AND FLATSS CONTRACTING, AGRICULTURE CONTRACTOR MOBILE HAIRDRESSINGANTIQUES/ANTIQUES DEALING// DISCOUNT REATILS IN ELECTRICALS AND HOUSEHOLD ITEMS RETAIL IN DISCOUNT ELECTRICALS AND HOUSEHOLD ITEMS HAIRDRESSER ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR MANAGMENT ACCOUNTANCY BUSINESS. PROVIDES A CONSULTANCY SERVICE'' A PUB COOK SHOP, POTS AND PANS KITCHEN ACCESIRIES. HOTEL FIT GRAB RAILS AND RAMPING FOR DISABLED TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT FOR THE FORESTRY INDUSTRY LAND MANAGEMENT RIDING STABLES

21. HUMAN RESOURCES CONSULTANCY, OFFERS HR ADVICE ELECTRICAL ENGINEER, MOSTLY WORK FOR LARGE BUSINESSES. PAINTING AND DECORATING MOBILE AUDIO RECORDING IT SUPPORT AND CONSULTANCY PUBLIC HOUSE AUTIONERING OF LIFE STOCK SPORTS RETAIL, IN PARTICULAR, SELLING SNOWBOARDING EQUIPMENT CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER INTERIOR DESIGNERS SOLICITORS PRACTICE VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING CAFÉ SELLING ORAGNIC PRODUCTS HELATH CARE COMPUTER MAINTANCE MARKERTING MERCHANDISING GOODS TSHIRTS BRANDED GOODS SELLING TOWN PLANNING CONSULTANCY MUSIC LESSONS

22. GRAFFITI REMOVAL BUSINESS CHILD CARE INTERIOR CONTRACT/ CARPET AND FURINTUTRE HAIRDRESSING BED AND BREAKFAST PRIVATE PRACTICE COUNSELLING AND PSYCHOTHERAPIST CATERING-SUPPLY OF FOODSTUFF. PUB RELATIONS AND MARKETING 3D GRAPHICS, GRAPHIC MEDIA, GRAPHIC DESIGN ARTIST CONSTRUCTION DOMESTIC FLOORING COMPANY ARTIST, LANDSCAPE, DESIGN, GALLERY COMMISHON FREELANCE ARTIST, SPECILISES IN LANDSCAPES, AND PRODUCES WORK FOR GALLERIES AND DOES COMMISSIONED PAINTINGS CONSULTANCY CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY. WEBSITE FACE TO FACE NETWORKING NURSERY FOR PLANTS SATELITE AND AERIALS IT MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY

23. MAGAZINE PUBLISHING BUSINESS RECRUITMENT STONE MASONARY MAGAZINE DECORATING COMPANY FARMING - ANIMALS STRUCTURAL ENGINEER LEASING AND FINANCING BUILDERS BUSINESS CONSULTING TV PRODUCTION COMPANY WASTE MANAGEMENT TOURIST ATTRACTION - FARM COMPUTER SERVICES HOTEL POTTERY AUTO ELECTRICAL

24. MARKETING CONSULTANCY BUILDER MORTAGE BROKERS NAIL TECHNICIAN IT SUPPORT FOR SMALL TO MEDIUM SIZED BUSINESSES FARMING AMUSEMENT CATERING BUILDING COMPANY HAULAGE CARPENTRY BUSINESS LETTING FLATS PHOTOGRAPHY DESIGN MOTOR RACING - BUILD AND HIRE OUT RACING CARS HAIRDRESSING CONSTRUCTION AGENCY FOR OPERA SINGERS, PROMOTE SHOWS SELLING TICKETS AGRICULTURE: FARMERS: COWS FOR MILK & SHEEP FOR LAMB

25. SECURITY AND PROTECTION BUSINESS PAINTING AND DECORATING MANUFACTURE OF JOINERY PRODUCTS BUILDING NEW DEVELOPMENT FARMING MOTER MECHANIC SOLICITORS TRANSPORT SERVICE RETAIL BUSINESS- LEATHER GOODS RETAIL BUSINESS MARKETING AND INVESTIGATIONS COMPANY / PRIVATE INVESTIGATIONS FIRM GENERAL DOMESTIC BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION HOLIDAY HOME EDUCATIONAL PROJECT MANAGEMENT COMPANY HAIRDRESSING BUSINESS MASSAGE PARLOUR TRAINING CONSULTANCY BUSINESS ADVERTISING SERVICE

26. SINGER FOR HIRE CHILDREN ENTERTAINMENT - MAGICIAN CHILDMINDER PRODUCT DESIGN HOMELOANS BUSINESS AND PERSONAL LOANS ACCOUTANCY SERVICES WATER TREATMENT ESTATE AGENTS - LETTINGS PUBLIC HOUSE, WITH FOOD CONSTRUCTION - SITE INVESTIGATION FREELANCE MUSICIAN TRANSLATION AGENCY CHILD MINDIND BRICK LAYER GARDEN BUSINESS - MAINTENANCE AND DESIGN ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS DATA RECOVERY SERVICES

27. ACCOUNTANCY A DANCING SCHOOL SERVICE PROVIDING HEALTH INFORMATION ACCOUNTANCY RETAIL SHOP/SELLING RECONDITIONED ELECTRICAL ITEMS/ANYTHING ELECTRIC PLUMBING COMPUTER REPAIR MINIBUS COMPANY RETAIL GOODS ARTIST TAXI IMPORTING ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (FOR RALLY CARS AND RACE CARS) BUILDING CONSULTANT/ BUILDING SURVEYOR PRODUCTION AND PUBLICATION OF TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS-HANDBOOKS,DATASHEETS,SPARES CATALOGUES MARKETING CONSULTANCY

28. DECORATING AND BULIDING CONTRACTORS, HOME IMPROVEMENTS MEDICAL, GENERAL PRACTICE. CARAVAN SITE - INHERITED - 30 CARAVANS ITC RESEARCH GENERAL PHOTOGRAPHY SOFTWARE AND WEB SERVICE AND NETWORKING IN COMPUTING. DESIGNERS AND TRAINERS FLOORING COMPANY JOINERY AND CABINET MAKING COFEE LOUNGE CONSULTANCY – BUSINESS SERVICES LEISURE INDUSTRY – PERSONAL TRAINER CARPENTER PLUMBING SERVICES PROPERTY RENOVATION AND REPAIR CLEANING SERVICE PHOTOGRAPER/PUBLISHER

29. SELL BLINDS CABINET MAKING/FURNITURE PROPERTY MANAGEMENT AND LEASING OF PROPERTIES PLASTERING IT TRAINING BUILDING COMPANY ARTS AND CRAFT MAKING AND SELLING ARTS AND CRAFT BOOK KEEPING AND ADMINISTRATION. MANUAL BOOK KEEPING. PRIMARILY FOR SMALL BUSINESSES. FREELANCE GEOLOGIST PARTY PLANNER ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS,WIRING BUILDING AND HOUSES GENERAL STORE, GROCERY SHOP, OFF LICENCE GENERAL BUILDING SERVICES CARPENTRY IN CONSRUCTION FARM, AGRICULTURE SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS

30. Entrepreneurship U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A L E S I N S T I T U T E, C A R D I F F | A R T H R O F A P R I F Y S G O L C Y M R U, C A E R D Y D D

31. COPIE Community of Practice Inclusive Entrepreneurship

32. The Problem COPIE addresses Disadvantaged groups face a wide range of barriers to entrepreneurship Existing policy on entrepreneurship often prioritises high-tech solutions There is a huge amount of good practice Some Member States have produced a comprehensive entrepreneurial ladder out of exclusion that works for all target groups

33. The COPIE proposition To maximise the work of funders, practitioners and innovators of good practice Take lessons from EU programmes like Equal Develop ACTION PLANS for usable Entrepreneurship Policy

34. Communities of practice A group of people who share a common concern, a set of problems or a passion about a topic and who deepen their knowledge and expertise by interacting on an ongoing basis Etienne Wenger

35. Origins of the COPIE tool based approach Analysis of best practice using the entrepreneurial ladder out of exclusion Prowess: flagship status assessment from UK Development of tool for DG Employment on policies measures for micro credit

36. Look at experience of 8 target groups Formerly unemployed Women Migrants and ethnic minorities 50 plus Young people Under 30 People with disabilities Social enterprises

37. Four tables in the toolOne page per stakeholder

38. Results of the European tool Rapid appraisal – 4-6 weeks start to finish, 15 minutes to 30 minutes Engages key stakeholders: policy makers, business advisers, entrepreneurs Generates evidence and data on which to base policy dialogue and practical actions Comprehensive results that cover all target groups

39. Regions using the COPIE tool Phase 1 January -May 2007 • UK Wales • D Berlin Mitte • ES Asturias • B Flanders • P Lisbon Phase 1.5 Summer 2007 • Ireland (Limerick, Longford, Dublin) Phase 2 December – April 2008 Es Basque Country • Es Andalusia • Es Extremadura • D Rhineland Palatinate • D Brandenburg • Cz Ustecky Planned • UK Northamptonshire (EM) • UK Pendle (NW) • It Venice • It Torino

44. Entrepreneurship “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world; indeed, it’s the only thing that ever has.” Margaret Mead U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A L E S I N S T I T U T E, C A R D I F F | A R T H R O F A P R I F Y S G O L C Y M R U, C A E R D Y D D

45. Entrepreneurship U N I V E R S I T Y O F W A L E S I N S T I T U T E, C A R D I F F | A R T H R O F A P R I F Y S G O L C Y M R U, C A E R D Y D D