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ASTHMA

ASTHMA. DR. OMOLOLU OSHINOWO. Asthma is a common long-term condition that can cause a cough, wheezing, and breathlessness The severity of the symptoms varies from person to person Asthma can be controlled well in most people most of the time The condition can be managed not cured.

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ASTHMA

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  1. ASTHMA DR. OMOLOLU OSHINOWO

  2. Asthma is a common long-term condition that can cause a cough, wheezing, and breathlessness • The severity of the symptoms varies from person to person • Asthma can be controlled well in most people most of the time • The condition can be managed not cured

  3. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

  4. WHO IS AFFECTED ? • In the UK, 5.4 million people are currently receiving treatment for asthma. • That is 1 in every 12 adults and 1 in every 11 children. • Asthma in adults is more common in women than men.

  5. WHAT CAUSES ASTHMA ? • Asthma is caused by inflammation of the airways • These are the small tubes, called bronchi, which carry air in and out of the lungs • If you have asthma, the bronchi will be inflamed and more sensitive than normal

  6. SYMPTOMS OF ASTHMA • WHEEZING • COUGH THAT WON’T STOP • SHORTNESS OF BREATH • TIGHTNESS OF THE CHEST • In severe cases untreated Asthma can be life threatening

  7. EARLY WARNING SIGNS • These are early warning signs that a full blown Asthma attack is imminent • Red flag to watch out for include • Frequent coughing especially at night • Difficulty sleeping • Unexplained Fatigue • Feeling out of breath

  8. WHAT ARE THE TRIGGERS OF ASTHMA? TRIGGERS are the things or activities that causes or precipitate an Asthma attack and they include: • ALLERGENS : Mold, Dust mites, Cockroaches, pollens from trees of flowers, Foods e.g peanuts, eggs and fish • PETS: Hairs, saliva, urine etc • AIR POLLUTION: Smog, cigarette smoke, Paint fumes, hairsprays etc • EXERCISE • EMOTIONAL STRESS • STOMACH ACID REFLUX • PREMENSTRUAL TENSION

  9. WHAT DO THE TRIGGERS DO? • People with Asthma have airways that are very sensitive and are chronically inflammed • The triggers makes this worse causing a narrowing of the airways • At the same time the body also produces mucus in excess that clogs these airways • These changes work together to restrict the flow of air in and out of the lungs causing the breathlessness and wheezing

  10. WHAT THE TRIGGERS DO

  11. WHEN TO SEEK EMERGENCY CARE • YOU ARE TOO BREATHLESS TO TALK OR WALK • USING A RESCUE INHALER DOES NOT WORK • YOUR LIPS AND FINGER NAILS TURN BLUE • These are signs that the body (blood) is not getting enough oxygen

  12. WHO GETS ASTHMA? • It can appear at any age but usually starts in childhood • Those at risk include people with allergies and family history of Asthma • Having a parent with Asthma increases the chances three to six times • It is commoner in boys during childhood but more in women in adulthood

  13. OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA • Common in certain types of jobs that work with fumes and dusts • Factory workers • Farmers • Painters • Veterinary workers

  14. ASTHMA AND SMOKING • Studies have shown an association between smoking and development of Asthma • Strong evidence has also implicated second hand smoking • Children living within the house of a smoker have a higher chance of developing Asthma early in life

  15. ASTHMA AND OBESITY • Asthma is commoner in people who are overweight • It is twice as common in obese patients than in people with a healthy BMI

  16. HOW DO YOU DIAGNOSE ASTHMA? • CLINICAL SYMPTOMS • CHEST EXAMINATION • LUNG FUNCTION TESTS • Spirometry • CHEST X-RAY

  17. ASTHMA VS NORMAL CHEST X-RAY

  18. EXERCISE INDUCED ASTHMA • Is a narrowing of the airway that occurs within 5-20 mins after activity • It occurs in the vast majority of people with Asthma

  19. MANAGING ASTHMA • AVOIDING ALLERGENS • ALLERGY SHOTS • LONG TERM MEDICATIONS • RESCUE INHALERS • NEBULIZATION • PEAK FLOW METER

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