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India : Information and Communication Technology for Growth & Development 2011

India : Information and Communication Technology for Growth & Development 2011. Shashank Ojha ICT Sector Unit The World Bank New Delhi. Contents. India - Country Background Current Status, Development Indicators, Goals and Strategies for growth and poverty reduction etc)

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India : Information and Communication Technology for Growth & Development 2011

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  1. India : Information and Communication Technology for Growth & Development 2011 Shashank Ojha ICT Sector Unit The World Bank New Delhi

  2. Contents • India - Country Background • Current Status, Development Indicators, Goals and Strategies for growth and poverty reduction etc) • ICT Industry in India • Current status, Trends and indicators, Contribution to GDP, Employment in the Sector, Govt. Policies, Role of Private sector etc.) • ICT for Development • Human Development ( Education, Health, Social & Livelihood etc) • Infrastructure ( Roads, Water, Power etc) • Rural development & Agriculture • Governance • Challenges & Impediments • Technology, Govt. Policy, Capacity Building, Change management, Business environment, Donor and Financing • Suggestions for way-forward ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  3. India Country Background – Overview • With a population of just over 1.2 billion, India is the largest democracy in the world. • In the past decade, the country has seen sustained high growth and has made progress on most of the Millennium Development Goals. • India is in now the midst of a historic transformation. It has emerged as a global power and a leading player in information technology, telecoms and business outsourcing, with the world’s 4th largest economy in purchasing power parity terms. However, beneath India’s impressive growth is a tale of ‘two Indias’. While one India is on a rapid development trajectory, the other has 300 million people living below the poverty line. • To address these disparities, the Government of India’s Eleventh Five Year Plan (2007-12) outlines a development agenda that targets significant investments for : • generating employment, • providing quality education and health for all, • improving the welfare of women and children, developing infrastructure, and conserving the environment. • Major investments are being made in into a set of very ambitious programs to deliver services to the poor. These programs -- to provide elementary education, basic health care, health insurance, rural employment, rural roads and rural connectivity, and other services -- aim at realizing the fundamental rights of the people. • The programs are achieving partial results on the ground. • Between 2003 and 2010, the no. of out-of-school children declined from 25 to 8 million (less than 5% of the 6-14 age group). • Leprosy, polio, and TB are almost eradicated and the spread of AIDS has been kept in check. • Large no. of women have been mobilized into self-help groups to generate new livelihood opportunities. • Large investments are being made to improve the infrastructure • Massive new initiatives are being pioneered that are revolutionizing the way services are being delivered to low-income groups. ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  4. India - Country Background Key Development Indicators • GROWTH:Population ( 2011) : 1.21 billion 50 % population below 25 years of age • GDP Growth (2010- 11): 8.5% • Poverty (Below National Poverty Line) : 37% • Rural: 28 % and Urban: 26 %Fertility rate: 2.5 births per woman • Life expectancy at birth: 64 years • Infant mortality (per 1000 live births): 57 • Maternal Mortality (per 100,000 live births):450Children Underweight (below 5 years): 46% • Primary school enrollment, net: 90% ; • Male Adult literacy (age 15 and older): 73% and • Female Adult literacy (age 15 and older): 48% • Access to improved water source (% of pop): 89% • Access to improved sanitation: 33% …………………………………………………………………………………… ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  5. ICT Industry in India • India’s ICT Sector is a global leader is IT Services and IT- enabled Services • Exports Revenues : US $ 50.1 billion ( FY 2010) • Exports contribution to total revenues - 70 % • Service lines : • 1. IT Services ( US $ 27. 3 billion) - application development, maintenance, • testing, infrastructure services, consulting and systems integration etc. • 2. BPO ( (US $ 12.4 billion) • 3. Engineering Design and Product development ( US $ 10 billion) ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  6. ICT Industry in India ICT Sector - key indicators • Aggregate Revenues in FY 2010 : US $ 73.1 billion • Direct Employment : 2.3 million • Indirect additional employment : 8.2 million ( 30% employment for Age group 18-25 years; 4 % employment to economically backward classes, 60 % co.s employ differently-abled, 58 % employment from Tier II & III cities). • Contribution to GDP in FY 2010-11 : 7 % ( In FY 98 - 1.2 %) • Innovation ( FY 2005 -09) : 29 fold increase in patents • Avg. R&D Spend : 1 % of Total Revenues ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  7. ICT Industry in India • India’s ICT Sector - VALUE PROPOSITION • Strong fundamentals, a robust enabling environment and enhanced value delivery capability are • the hallmarks • Enjoys a cost advantage of around 60-70 per cent as compared to source markets. • Timely Government policies have played a key role • Govt.’s focus on education has helped create the large talent base from where the ICT industry • draws its workforce. • Government’s proactive approach towards the IT Sector through actions such as the IT Act • Amendment, extension of tax incentives by a year, removal of the SEZ Act anomalies and the • introduction of progressive telecom policies. • Indian ICT Companies are now focusing trying to adopt a culture that encourages innovation, • embrace new trends such as Green IT, and deliver solutions that are focused on Re-engineering • and Transformation. • India is emerging as a ‘Innovation Hub’ with increasing number of patents being filed /granted • Economic downturn is the opportunity for the industry to enhance its overall efficiency - clients • increasingly looking inwards and focusing on process benchmarking, enhanced utilization of • infrastructure and talent, increasing productivity and greater customer engagement • Source : NASSCOM ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  8. ICT Industry in India - Telecom Telecom Sector • Telecom Access 2011 ( May) (per 100 persons) • Fixed line 34. 40 million • Mobile 840 million • Internet users 88 million • Population covered by mobile - 73 % • Total internet users - 6.9 % • Fixed line tariff ($/pm) 3.5 • Mobile tariff ( $/pm) 1.6 Telephones per 100 persons ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  9. ICT Work Program- India WB’s - India Program ( June 2011) Total No. of Projects : 81 Size of the portfolio : US $ 25.6 billion ICT - Key Activities • ICT Support to Sector Projects • e-Government Projects • Telecom TA Projects • ICT’s Participation : 21 Sector projects + NeGP Project ( FY 11) ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  10. ICT Work Program - India Project Support Small Grants – Experimental / Pilots Medium – MIS Components in Sector Projects Large –eGovernment Projects ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  11. ICT for Development Projects ICT for Development Projects • Innovative ICT for Development Projects in India • Mobile – based Innovative Solutions • World Bank India - Projects • E-Governance Projects • ICT in Development Sectors ( Education, Health, Social & Livelihood, • Rural development & Agriculture etc.) ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  12. Innovative Projects ICT for Development - Innovative Projects • e-SewaGovt of AP ( Citizen e-Services) http://www.esevaonline.com • Bhoomi - GoK ( Land Records) http://bhoomi.karnataka.gov.in • MCA 21 ( Corporate affairs) http://www.mca.gov.in/MCA21/ • ITC’s e-Choupal ( Agriculture Supply Chain) http://www.itcportal.com/rural-development/echoupal.htm • Kerala’s Fisheries ( Mobile solutions for Fishermen) • Lifelines ( Agriculture and Education Voice based Services) ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  13. Mobile –based Solutions Mobile – based solutions • Reuters Market Light ( Agr. Mkt Prices) • SMS-One ( Community Newsletter - Local news, Local Advertisements etc.) • Nokia Life Tools ( Agriculture Info, Education, Entertainment ) • Ng Pay ( mobile based payments, shopping etc) ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  14. ICT India - Water Sector Water Sector Projects • UP- WSRP • Rajasthan –WSRP • Maharashtra- WSRP • AP Water Sector ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  15. ICT India Projects - Water Water / Irrigation Sector Solutions ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  16. ICT India Projects - M&E Monitoring & Evaluation Systems • Water & Sanitation Project • Two major ICT Initiatives under the Project : • Computerization of the Fund Board • Creating and automating the M&E Framework for the entire water sector in the country. ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  17. ICT India Projects - Transport Transport Sector • Assam Roads • TN Roads • Kerala Roads • Punjab Roads • HP Roads • National Highways Authority of India ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  18. Assam PWD Computerization Project ICT Solution Framework - Road Projects ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  19. ICT India Projects - Health Health Mgt. Systems - Core Modules Health Sector Projects • IDSP • Food & Drug Control Capacity ( Closed) • Malaria Control ( Closed) • AIDS (Closed) • Karnataka State Health Project • Tamil Nadu State Health Project • Rajasthan Health Project Source : Rajasthan Health Project ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  20. ICT India Projects - Education • Education Projects • Pilot ICT Project in Rural Pune • e-Class & Teacher- Student Portal for Govt. of Uttarakhand • Bihar TEMIS • Vocational Education • Technical Education II ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  21. ICT in Education ICT Pilot Project in Rural Districts of Pune ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  22. ICT India – Agriculture & RD Agr. & Rural Devp. Projects • Sodic Lands Project (Closed) • UP Forestry (Closed) • ICT in Rural Districts of Pune (Closed) • National Agriculture Innovation Project Source : AGROPEDIA , NAIP Project ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  23. ICT India Projects – Rural Development ICT Pilot Project in Rural Pune Poultry Cooperatives Micro Finance Cooperatives Milk Cooperatives ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  24. ICT India – e-Governance AP Govt.’s e-Government Project Framework ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  25. ICT India Projects e-Governance India – National E- Governance Action Plan ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  26. ICT India Projects – NeGP E-Delivery of Public Services Development Policy Loan Pillar I. Higher emphasis on coordination 1.1 Strengthening state institutions in e-Governance. 1.2 Development of technical standards for e-Governance 1.3 Improved inter-agency coordination and monitoring of e-governance. Pillar II. Increased reach out to the “common man.” 2.1 Improving access to services by using the mobile platform while increasing the pace of internet penetration 2.2 Facilitating increased participation of citizens in design and evaluation of e-governance projects. 2.3 Improving service orientation of Govt. Processes and officials. 2.4 E-Services Delivery Act (ESD Act) 2.5 Uniform and predictable verification of e-Service users. ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  27. ICT India Projects - Governance e-HR Project (Govt. of Karnataka) • Computerized Human Resource Function of GoK to support : • Civil Service Restructuring • Promote Human Resources Development - career counseling • Facilitate Functional Reviews • Lead to right-sizing of the workforce, if necessary • Management of Pensions • Provide information for decision making (day-today as well as forward planning) • Pilot Implementation Successfully completed. • Scale up in progress through government funds. ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  28. ICT India Projects - e-Government Govt. of Uttarakhand – eGovernment Pilots . • Establishment of IT Devp. Authority. • Agriculture Portal • Tourism Portal Project. • Social Welfare DBMS Project. • Citizen Data Vault Project / • Multipurpose Household survey • Citizen Data Vault. • Smart Card for Public Distribution • HRMS Project • Urban Development Project • Public Works Department Project. • Teacher Student Portal • e-Class Content Development ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  29. ICT India Projects - Urban Devp. Tamilnadu Urban Devp Project II & III Tamil Nadu Urban Development Project II Coimbatore ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  30. ICT India Projects - Urban Tamil Nadu Urban Development Project II • Services • Birth and Death registration • Building Plan Registration/ Approval • Dangerous and Offensive & PFA • Financial Management • Financial Accounting System • Inventory Control • Movable Property • Vehicle Inventory • Immovable Property • Revenue Management • Non-Tax • Professional Tax • Water Charges • Property Tax • Others • Census • Personal Management System • Electoral rolls • Family Enumeration • Solid Waste management • Hospital Information ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  31. ICT India Projects - Urban Tamilnadu UDP II - impact • Increasing Demand from staff and citizens - (ULB’s on their own have invested in 1575 PCs from the project, additional 490 by ULBs) • A 10-15% improvement in collections have been recorded as against manual systems. (Roughly an increase in revenue of about US $ 7-8 million). • An issue especially in terms of closure of subsidiary revenue registers has been of collection greater than demand… (about 10 % of errors in demand registers rectified - $ 2 million ) • Birth and death certificates issued in 15 minutes (2-7 days). • The impact, closure of accounting books by 5.30-6 PM as against months before automation. ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  32. Main Challenges Challenges & Impediments • ICT Sector strengthens have had limited impact on ICT for Development • ICT has not yet been mainstreamed as tool for growth, efficiency and development • Large disparities in State and department capabilities • Inadequate Policy and Legislative push • Support infrastructure remains a major challenge • Power • Connectivity • Literacy and Language • Funding and financing strategy ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  33. Main Challenges • High Risk – High Returns projects ! • Limited Human Resources in e-Governance • 100+ Pilots in states not scaled –up • Implementation approach / lack of BPR / inadequate policy support • Lack of HR and tech capacity – no cadre • Very complex projects / require continuous upgrade and monitoring • Inadequate awareness / lack of capacity in policy & decision makers • Project Management -Difficultiesabound • Delayed, limited functionality, budget over-runs • Financial Sustainability - Rarely achieved ? • Grassroots consultation • Top down approach rarely works ! • IT Policy & Law ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  34. Main Challenges continued . . . • Standardization / Policy Framework • Standalone efforts, Islands ! • Sector level Solutions ! • Local language/ Locally relevant content • English content, illiteracy, target audience ? • Reinventing the Wheel ! • Duplicate efforts - wasted cost, time and funds • Wiring India – last mile solutions • Need for low cost connectivity ? ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  35. Suggestions Suggestions for way-forward • Promote Policy for Investment in ICTs • Capacity Building & HR – especially at state level • Development for Core Solutions • Targeted ICT Initiatives for social and financial inclusion • Mainstreaming Mobile based solutions • Support for Project Development & Pilots • Improved Research and Analytical underpinning for impact measurement • PPP Approach & Financing Models ICT Sector Unit - The World Bank

  36. Thank you. Shashank Ojha ICT Sector Unit The World Bank New Delhi sojha@worldbank.org

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