Erin S chwalbe Jon B radshaw Jared C ampos Laura Pine

1. Luke Heron TyberiusGuranskiAlizaMondragon Megan Edmondo Allison Connors ValoryMcclintock Juan Cortez JovviMartinez Erin Schwalbe Jon Bradshaw Jared Campos Laura Pine Hannah Smith Peyton Klinger Lexie Hughes Jada Workman Anthony Skelton KylerLerma Jesus Chavez Jake Garcia Lacey Johnson DilanJackson Tyler Aguilar Eric Humphery DayanaraWilliams Paige Aguilar Gabe Gurule Matt Cummings

2. Tianadoan David cabrera Faith demoss Martina aguilar Olivier mendoza Derek garcia Lesieliepui Darius wrede Maddyrichards Chris cruz Haley garate Paul tremblay Jason elhert Thyler farmer haydenjory Cierracollins Rafael rosado Jocelyn aiello Kevin cruz Bethany schirz Randeepchahal Marandamullins Rayshawnplanas Champ robertson Janus estano Kaitinluke Jacob kuykendal Crystal flowers Jacob avaisino Abbie bunk Tasheraortiz

3. Jalenecruz Jordynnhaynes Jacob campos Syraellison Logan helsing Nathan holybee Sierra jorgenson Josh selgado Taytemmccluney Alondraferreira Gabe jones Ethel machucha Jocelyneserafin Johan dominguez Anton schmerda Krista wasson Macy mccubbins Peyton ford Brandon mortenson Michealmunley Derek rosemark Jesus guzman Nikki prince Sienna simpson Annette villanieva Blake zabala Bradley seifert Maddyspeltz Paul wolz Alezpadilla

4. STEP ONE: Initial reading • Look at the text in front of you. • What do you notice before reading the document? • Please read through the text independently one time. • Now, please follow along with the text as I read it aloud to you.

5. Chief powhatanaddress to captain john smithdelivered in 1609 • I am now old and must soon die, and the succession must descend in order, to my brothers, opitchapam, opechancanough, and kekataugh, and then to my two sisters, and their two daughters. • I wish their experience was equal to mine, and that your love to us might not be not be less than our to you. Why should you take by force that from us which you can have by love? Why should you destroy us who have provided you with food? What can you get by war? We can hide our provisions and fly to the woods. And then you must consequently famish by wrongdoing your friends. • What is the cause of your jealousy? You see us unarmed and willing to supply your wants if you come in a friendly manner; not with swords and guns as to invade an enemy. I am not so simple as not to know that it is better to eat good meat , lie well and sleep quietly with my women and children; to laugh and be merry with English, and, being their friend, to have copper, hatchets, and whatever else I want, than to fly from all, to lie cold in the woods, feed upon acorns, roots and such trash, to be so hunted that I cannot rest, eat, or sleep. In such circumstances, my men must watch, and if a twig should but break, all would cry out, “Here comes captain smith.” And so, in this miserable manner to end my miserable life. And, Captain Smith this might soon be your fate too through your rashness and unadvisedness. • I, therefore, exhort you to peaceable councils, and above all I insist that the guns and swords, the cause of all our jealousy and uneasiness, be removed and sent away.

6. Best responses • Are complete sentences that restate the question • Whenever possible, mention LINE NUMBERS in parenthesis

7. STEP TWO: Questions about the text 1. Who is “I” and who is “you” in this text? 2. What type of document is this in its original form? What is its purpose?

8. STEP TWO CONTINUED:QUESTIONS ABOUT THE TEXT I am now old and must soon die, and the succession must descend in order, to my brothers, opitchapam, opechancanough, and kekataugh, and then to my two sisters, and their two daughters. 3. In lines 6 & 7, why does Chief Powhatan list his family members?

9. I wish their experience was equal to mine, and that your love to us might not be not be less than our to you. Why should you take by force that from us which you can have by love? Why should you destroy us who have provided you with food? What can you get by war? We can hide our provisions and fly to the woods. And then you must consequently famish by wrongdoing your friends. • 4. In line 12, what is the meaning of the word famish? What words or phrases can be found in the second paragraph to support your definition?

10. QUESTIONS ABOUT THE TEXT 5. In line 14, why does Chief Powhatan claim that Captain John Smith is jealous?

11. What is the cause of your jealousy? You see us unarmed and willing to supply your wants if you come in a friendly manner; not with swords and guns as to invade an enemy. I am not so simple as not to know that it is better to eat good meat , lie well and sleep quietly with my women and children; to laugh and be merry with English, and, being their friend, to have copper, hatchets, and whatever else I want, than to fly from all, to lie cold in the woods, feed upon acorns, roots and such trash, to be so hunted that I cannot rest, eat, or sleep. In such circumstances, my men must watch, and if a twig should but break, all would cry out, “Here comes captain smith.” And so, in this miserable manner to end my miserable life. And, Captain Smith this might soon be your fate too through your rashness and unadvisedness.

12. 6. What clues can you find in the reading that the word “simple” in 16 does not mean easy? What does it mean in this text?

13. What is the cause of your jealousy? You see us unarmed and willing to supply your wants if you come in a friendly manner; not with swords and guns as to invade an enemy. I am not so simple as not to know that it is better to eat good meat , lie well and sleep quietly with my women and children; to laugh and be merry with English, and, being their friend, to have copper, hatchets, and whatever else I want, than to fly from all, to lie cold in the woods, feed upon acorns, roots and such trash, to be so hunted that I cannot rest, eat, or sleep. In such circumstances, my men must watch, and if a twig should but break, all would cry out, “Here comes captain smith.” And so, in this miserable manner to end my miserable life. And, Captain Smith this might soon be your fate too through your rashness and unadvisedness.

14. Simple • Easily understood • Not complex, basic

15. QUESTIONS ABOUT THE TEXT 7. What has Captain John Smith and the colonists done that caused Chief Powhatan to make the statement, “I am not so simple.”

16. 8. What is the tone of this text? What evidence supports your claim?

17. What does a good text-based response look like????? • Our thoughts:

18. STEP FOUR: Writing assessment Q- Chief Powhatan states in line 9, “Why should you take by force that from us which you can have by love?” Using TWO pieces of evidence from the text, write one paragraph describing the relationship between European Colonists and Native Americans. For each piece of evidence, use a quote or a paraphrase (with line number cited) and include your reasoning. That is, for each piece of evidence, describe how it supports your own ideas. • Using the guidelines we created for a great text-based paragraph, collaborate to write your answer.

19. Paraphrasing vs. direct quotes • Sample QUESTION: Prove this claim using evidence and reasoning: The middle passage was a dangerous trip for slaves. • Paraphrasing evidence means putting the evidence in your own words. You should do this whenever possible: • Example: If the document says “I was soon put down under the decks, and there I received such a salutation in my nostrils as I had never experienced in my life: so that, with the loathsomeness of the stench, and with my crying together, I became so sick and low that I was not able to eat.” • You might say: For example, OladuahEquiano described the smell of a slave ship being so disgusting that he was sick to his stomach (7-9). • Direct quotes are when you cite the EXACT WORDS from the document. Only do this when the information is stated in such a way that you couldn’t possibly put it in your own words! • For example: OladuahEquiano described the dangerous conditions aboard a slave ship “This deplorable situation was again aggravated by the galling of the chains…and the filth of the necessary tubs, into which children often fell, and were almost suffocated. The shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered it a scene of horror almost inconceivable.” (31-34)

20. Look for EVIDENCE to support your word CHOICE • Was the relationship • Good or Bad? • Highlight YELLOW the evidence you want to PARAPHRASE. Highlight ORANGE the evidence you plan on directly quoting

21. Always must EXPLAIN your evidence, called REASONING • If your evidence says: For example, OladuahEquiano described the smell of a slave ship being so disgusting that he was sick to his stomach (7-9). • Your reasoning might say: Considering this evidence, it can be concluded that many slaves would be unable to hold down food during the middle passage, and might die as a result OR • OladuahEquiano described the dangerous conditions aboard a slave ship “This deplorable situation was again aggravated by the galling of the chains…and the filth of the necessary tubs, into which children often fell, and were almost suffocated. The shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered it a scene of horror almost inconceivable.” (31-34) • Your reasoning might then say: This shows that slave children often died on the middle passage by falling into the tubs where everyone was going to the bathroom.

22. Sentence starters: Sentence starters for introducing evidence: -For example, -Another example from the documents -Evidence for this can be seen… -As _______ (author or document) shows, Sentence starters for reasoning: -This shows -This demonstrates -This evidence suggests -This evidence contributes -This evidence supports -This evidence confirms -It is apparent this evidence caused -Considering this evidence, it can be concluded… -Based on the____ it can be argued -The connection -Hence -This proves -This highlights

23. Paragraph outline Claim: According to Chief Powhatan’s address, the relationship between the European Colonists and Native Americans was__________________________________ Evidence # 1 (with line numbers) _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Stop and EXPLAIN this evidence and how it relates to your claim (This shows, This proves, This evidence highlights…): ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24. Evidence # 2 (with line numbers) _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Stop and EXPLAIN this evidence and how it relates to your claim (This shows, This proves, This evidence highlights…): _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25. Evidence # 3 (with line numbers) _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Stop and EXPLAIN this evidence and how it relates to your claim (This shows, This proves, This evidence highlights…): _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

26. Summary Sentences • A summary sentence goes at the END of a body paragraph. The job of a summary sentence is to wrap up the entire paragraph • For example: Taken together, this evidence clearly shows the middle passage was a dangerous and often deadly journey for slaves.

27. Final sentence that wraps up your paragraph:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now on the back of your paper, put all of the above together into a complete paragraph! Claim goes first, then evidence #1 (with line #’s), stop and explain, Evidence # 2, etc…