Research and Development for a Sustainable and Competitive Irish Biomass Industry

1. Research and Development for a Sustainable and Competitive Irish Biomass Industry The Competence Centre For Biorefining & Bioenergy CCBB.IE

2. Overview • The Competence Centre for Bio-refining and Bio-energy is part of an Industrial Development Programme established by Enterprise Ireland • CCBB Objective is to leverage skills and resources in Irish third level institutions to enable advanced Industrial Development • The CCBB is co-hosted by 4 Irish universities, NUI G, UL, UCD and TCD - expertise and resources to serve the greatest possible audience. • Currently 7 PI’s and circa 10 post doctorate researchers working on programme to develop Biorefining and Bioenergy Sector. • CCBB Membership targets co-operation of Industry members, Academic institutions and Government Agencies working together to accelerate the development of the Irish biomass resource.

3. Biorefining • Biomass – plant & animal matter including derived residuals (wastes) • Generally implies low cost matter that does not compete with food crops • Biorefining – a concept designed to utilise the entire biomass feedstock, producing bio-products that displace products produced from petroleum or high cost food feedstocks, extracting value in a series of staged industrial processes to optimise economics of production Parallel to a Petrochemical Refinery Enhances Economic Viability of Bio Industry

4. Likely Structure of Irish Biorefining Industry Excellent Potential - highest growth rates of agricultural biomass (plant matter) per hectare of any country in Europe. Agri –economy, long shoreline, & supportive, export oriented trade structure 26m tonnes grass/silage 1m+ tonnes agri/aqua residues 1m+ tonnes paper & wood waste 300K tonnes forrestry residues Lack of Scale & Critical Mass – Immature Industry – Mixed Regulatory Environment & Lack of Cohesion Fragmented Supply Chain- Supply chain likely structured as SME primary processing plants ultimately supplying centralised processing plants Unit Size – more likely to see 50,000 MT biorefinery than 500,000 MT biorefinery Progressive Development & Flexible Market- Need to develop progressively to develop products that can be supplied to local markets or supplied for central processing

5. Key Goals • Identify 5-6 biorefining value chains to develop with Members in Ireland • Lower feedstock costs, improve productivity, develop cost model for production processes • Facilitate access to proof-of-concept facilities • Assist with commercialisation of opportunities • Provide route to access EU and Irish research & development funding for members • Provide technical support services and advocacy role in respect of regulatory reform • Expand membership to enhance scope and impact of programme

6. Research Programme • Core Programme - Two Basic Platforms : • Biological • Thermo chemical Targets low cost production of basic platform chemicals • CommercialisationProgramme • Industrial Sugars & Animal Feed Supplements • Bioplastics & Polymers • Transport Fuels • Bio Chemicals • Heat & Power Converting Platform Chemicals into value added products

7. Bio Platform Industrial Residual C5 Sugar Fraction Anaerobic Digestor Bio Methane CHP Heat & Power €.14/KWh Digestate Leachate Fertiliser Process Fertiliser €250/MT

8. Bio Platform Lactic Acid €400/MT Silage Press Juice Press Separation Agri Residue Amino Acid Feed Supplement €350/MT Industrial Residual Press Cake Enzyme Hydrolysis C5/C6 Sugars Food or Fermentation Separation €400/MT C5 Sugar Fraction Separation Anaerobic Digestor Bio Methane CHP Heat & Power €.14/KWh Digestate Leachate Fertiliser Process Fertiliser €250/MT

9. Bio Platform Lactic Acid €400/MT Silage Press Juice Press Separation Agri Residue Amino Acid Feed Supplement €350/MT Industrial Residual Press Cake Enzyme Hydrolysis C5/C6 Sugars Food or Fermentation Separation €400/MT Sugars C5 Sugar Fraction Separation Bio Plastics €750/MT Anaerobic Digestor Fermentation Bio Ethanol €515/MT Bio Methane CHP Heat & Power €.14/KWh Digestate Leachate Fertiliser Process Fertiliser €250/MT

10. Bio Platform Lactic Acid €400/MT Silage Press Juice Press Separation Agri Residue Amino Acid Feed Supplement €350/MT Industrial Residual Press Cake Enzyme Hydrolysis C5/C6 Sugars Food or Fermentation Separation €400/MT Sugars Organic Acids €400/MT C5 Sugar Fraction €750/MT Anaerobic Digestor Bio Plastics Phased Anaerobic Digestor (Short Residence) Fermentation Chem Refined Organic Acid €600/MT Syn Bio Diesel Bio Methane CHP Heat & Power €.14/KWh Digestate Leachate Fertiliser Process Fertiliser €250/MT

11. Thermo Chem Platform Agri Residue Wastes Energy Crops Reagent H2 Hydrogen Gas €450/MT Levullinic Acid Feedstock Optimisation Acid Hydrolysis Chemical Refining HM Furfural €400 Gasification Bio Char Heat & Power €.14/KWh

12. Thermo Chem Platform Agri Residue Wastes Energy Crops Reagent H2 Hydrogen Gas €450/MT Levullinic Acid Feedstock Optimisation Acid Hydrolysis Chemical Refining HM Furfural Levulinic Acid Bio Char Ethyl Levulinate Bio Diesel Esterification €600/MT Hydro thermal Pyrolysis PH Stabilisation Crude Bio Oil Deoxygenation Bio Oil €350/MT Gasification Bio Char Heat & Power €.14/KWh Developing Expertise to Optimise Value of Alternatives

13. Biorefining Platform Lactic Acid €400/MT Silage Press Juice Press Separation Agri Residue Amino Acid Feed Supplement €350/MT Industrial Residual Press Cake Enzyme Hydrolysis C5/C6 Sugars Food or Fermentation Separation €400/MT Sugars €400/MT C5 Sugar Fraction Organic Acids Separation €750/MT Anaerobic Digestion (Short Residence) Fermentation Bio Plastics €515/MT Bio Ethanol CHP Bio Methane Heat & Power €.14/KWh Fertiliser Process Digestate Leachate Fertiliser €250/MT Low cost production of multiple high value products from low cost biomass = Economic Viability

14. Platforms - Flexible Progressive Development Commodities Heat & Power Methanation Digestor Press Micro Filtration Separation Hydrolysis Fermentor Phase Building Blocks • Business Applications • Stand Alone Units or Add-ons: • Farm Coop / Digestor Operators • Brewers/Distillers • Landfill Sites • Renewable Energy Generators • Waste Processors Production Plant

15. Organisation Organisation Comprised of Industry, Academic and Public Service Members • Industrial Development Programme incorporating a series of work packages • Multiple types of work packages for flexibility – suits large business or SME • Academic Co Hosts are preferred research parties • Industry Member Benefits: research costs funded, IP licensing rights • Fees for Industry members : €500 for SME’s, €2000 for Corporate members • Core Research Programme initially funded approx €1m per year for 5 years under EI contract • Governance • 10 Director Advisory Board – 5 Industry, 3 Academic, Tech Leader & Chairman • Board establishes direction for programme - Governance pursuant to Bye – Laws • Research Members manage programme - quarterly targets

16. Summary • Current Industrial Development Programme - Biorefining • Recruit Industry Participants • Prove Basic Biorefining Platforms Utilising Initial Research Grant • Expand to Incorporate European Research Partners • FP7 Programmes • Interreg • Develop Pilot Plant Test Facilities • Private or Publicly owned • Assist Commercialisation with Industrial Development Funding • Enterprise Ireland Innovation Partnerships • IDA Development Programmes • EU Programmes

17. Research and Development for a Sustainable and Competitive Irish Biomass Industry The Competence Centre For Biorefining & Bioenergy CCBB.IE