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Risk, Toxicology, and Human Health. G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 13 th Edition Chapter 11. Adapted from Dr. Richard Clements Chattanooga State Technical Community College. Key Concepts. Types of hazards people face. Methods of toxicology.
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Risk, Toxicology, and Human Health G. Tyler Miller’s Living in the Environment 13th Edition Chapter 11 Adapted from Dr. Richard Clements Chattanooga State Technical Community College
Key Concepts • Types of hazards people face • Methods of toxicology • Types and measurement of chemical hazards • Types and effects of biological hazards • Risk estimation, management, and reduction
Risk and Probability Fig. 11-2 p. 229 • Risk • Probability • Riskassessment • Riskmanagement
Hazards Fig. 11-1 p. 228 • Cultural hazards • Chemical hazards • Physical hazards • Biological hazards
Toxicology Fig. 11-4 p. 231 Fig. 11-3 p. 230 • Toxicity • Dosage • Bioaccumulation • Biomagnification • Synergism • Response • Acute effect • Chronic effect
Poisons Fig. 11-5 p. 231 • Poison • LD50 • Median lethal dose See Table 11-1 p. 232
Dose-Response Curves • Dose-response • Nonthreshold • Threshold Fig. 11-6 p. 233
Chemical Hazards • Hazardous chemicals • Mutagens • Teratogens • Carcinogens • Neurotoxins • Hormonally active agents • Precautionary principle
Biological Hazards: Diseases Fig. 11-14 p. 243 • Nontransmissible disease • Transmissible disease • Pathogens • Vectors • Antibiotic resistance • Malaria • AIDS See Case Study p. 241
Risk Analysis Fig. 11-17p. 247 • Risk analysis • Comparative riskanalysis • Cost-benefitanalysis • Risk management • Risk perception