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Uniwersytet Jagielloński

Zakład Optyki Atomowej. Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Instytut Fizyki. MCDHF approach to CPT symmetries in heavy atoms. Jacek Bieroń. FAMO, Jurata, 26-28 IX 2006. MCDHF approach to CPT symmetries in heavy atoms. Jacek Bieroń. Uniwersytet Jagielloński.

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Uniwersytet Jagielloński

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  1. Zakład Optyki Atomowej Uniwersytet Jagielloński Instytut Fizyki MCDHF approachto CPT symmetriesin heavy atoms Jacek Bieroń FAMO, Jurata, 26-28 IX 2006

  2. MCDHF approachto CPT symmetriesin heavy atoms Jacek Bieroń Uniwersytet Jagielloński Time reversal possibility is a fascinating story, not only for Faust. All, or better almost all laws of Physics are symmetric: the time arrow can be inverted. Physicist strongly believe in time-charge-parity (CPT) symmetry: inverting the electrical charge, the parity (the left-right hand orientation and the time, the whole Universe would be the same. (See this on last slide). From experiments on beta decay in mid 50’ies we know that the charge parity is not valid itself, from kaon decay we know that CP parity does not hold either. What about time symmetry? Here prof.. J. Bieron from Jagallonian Univeristy describes experiments in Atomic Physics running at Gronningen University: if an atom with the dielectrically moment existed, its presence would violate time reversal. We thank for the kind concession. (comment by Grzegorz Karwasz).

  3. Parity

  4. Parity

  5. CP and Time-reversal symmetry • CP invariance was violated in neutral kaon system. • T operation - connects a process with that obtained by running backwards in time: reverses the directions of motion of all components of the system. • T symmetry: "initial state final state" can be converted to "final state initial state" by reversing the directions of motion of all particles.

  6. CPT theorem • Define product symmetries, like CP (parity and charge conjugation)  a system of antiparticles in the reverse-handed coordinate system symmetry. • Combined CPT symmetry is absolutely exact: for any process, • its mirror image with antiparticles and time reversed • should look exactly as the original  CPT theorem. • If any one individual (or pair) of the symmetries is broken, there must be a compensating asymmetry in the remaining operation(s) to ensure exact symmetry under CPT operation. • The CPT symmetry was checked through the possible difference in masses, lifetimes, electric charges and magnetic moments of particle and antiparticles and was found to be exact down 10-19 (relative difference in masses).

  7. C-symmetry violation • C invariance was violated in weak interactions because parity was violated, if CP symmetry was assumed to be preserved. • Under C operation left-handed neutrinos should transform into left-handed antineutrino, which was not found in nature. However, the combined CP operation transforms left-handed neutrino into right-handed antineutrino, which does exist.

  8. QM: J//d • any particle will do • dn 0.6 10-27 em • de < 1.6 10-29 em • de (SM) < 10-39 em • find suitable object • Schiff • need amplifier • atomic (Z3) • nuclear • suitable structure time time Consider all nuclides Time reversal violation and the Electric Dipole Moment Why is EDM a TRV observable J d EDM violates parity and time reversal

  9. Time reversal violation and EDM TRV is possible in the SM__ CP or T violation in K0 K0 Vdx d u,c,t s __ K0 K0 W W _ _ _ _ _ s u,c,t d immeasurably small otherwise extensions SM have much larger EDM EDM tool for theory selection slides with white background courtesy of Klaus Jungmann & Hans Wilschut (KVI)

  10. Principle of EDM measurement detection - =  E E B precession B state preparation

  11. EDM Now and in the Future NUPECC list 1.610-27 • • 199Hg Radium potential Start TRIP de (SM) < 10-37

  12. Independent Particle Model

  13. Central Field Approximation radial function spherical function

  14. Hartree-Fock equations

  15. Hyperfine structure magnetic dipole electric quadrupole

  16. Relativistic correction Rel. Non-Rel. Non-Rel. Rel. 4f 4d 7s f - expansion d - expansion ... s - contraction 3s 2s 1s

  17. Ra Li Corrections: radium vs lithium

  18. P C T matter anti-matter time  time CPT invariance by M. C. Escher identical to start start mirror image anti-particle particle e+ e- From H.W. Wilschut

  19. What ? Transition rates and energies Hyperfine struktures, isotope shifts Schiff moments, PNC amplitudes … and why? Astrophysics, plasma physics, spectroscopy „Benchmark” for chemistry Nuclear structure, NMR QED tests, time/frequency standards P- (spatial inwersion) & T- (time reversal) violation Thank you for your attention

  20. Co-Producers(in alphabetical order) Jacek Bieroń Uniwersytet Jagielloński (300-400) Charlotte Froese Fischer Vanderbilt University (38) Stephan Fritzsche Universität Kassel Ian Grant University of Oxford (9) Paul Indelicato l’Université Paris VI (41) Per Jönsson Malmö Högskola Pekka Pyykkö Helsingin Yliopisto (72) Michel Godefroid Université Libre Bruxelles (100-150) T-foils = thanks to Klaus Jungmann & Hans Wilschut (KVI)

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