Specifications: Instrumentation, Real-time Data Relay, Management, Maintenance and Training

1. Specifications: Instrumentation, Real-time Data Relay, Management, Maintenance and Training Module 7 Mark Heggli Innovative Hydrology, Inc. Consultant To The World Bank Expert Real-Time Hydrology Information Systems

2. Notice Examples that refer to products are intended for illustrative purposes only, and do not imply an endorsement or recommendation of any particular product

3. Specifications • Technical Specifications General Information • Address The Needs • Key Requirements • Functional Specifications Vs Vendor Driven Specifications • Instrumentation • Data Logger • Surface Water • Water Level • Discharge • Ground Water • Rainfall • Real-time Data Relay • Management • Maintenance and Training

4. Technical Specifications General Information • Address the Needs • It is recommended that a complete survey of water level stations be included prior to the final selection of appropriate technologies • The solutions should be determined on a site-by-site basis, as no single technology will be suitable or sustainable for all gauging locations in India • There is a desire to use non-contact solutions to measure water level whenever possible, though part of a centric solution may include contact measurement methods • Lifetime of Equipment • The expected life-time of electronic equipment such as data loggers, sensors, etc., is expected to be at least 12 years and no longer than 15 years • After 15 years, hydrologic monitoring equipment generally becomes obsolete, and is usually the maximum timeframe that manufacturers support a given make/model of equipment • It should be stated in the tender document that current technology will only be offered, and equipment being offered will be supported for a minimum of 10 years after the date of final acceptance of equipment

5. Technical Specifications General Information:Key Requirements • Accuracy: • The correctness of the reading (how close it is to reality) Two primary sources of error is drift and stability. • Resolution: • The fineness to which an instrument can be read. • Precision: • The fineness to which and instrument can be read repeatedly and reliably (Usually inversely proportional to range) • Range: • The span of the expected measurements

6. Technical Specifications General Information • Accuracy and Precision • Not accurate but precise • Accurate but not precise • Not accurate, not precise

7. Technical Specifications General Information Functional Specifications vs Vendor Driven Specifications Functional Specifications • Functional Specifications are specifications that address the true needs of the customer. It takes into account all important factors that are best for the customer: • Cover customer parameters • Measurement • Range • Accuracy • Resolution • Precision • Output • Power • Voltage • Consumption • Environment • Operational and Storage Temperature • Humidity • Protection from elements (NEMA, IP) • Other • Mounting Requirements • Cable Lengths • Calibration Needs • Tools • Manuals • Create competition • Write specifications that comply with multiple vendors while covering the customer needs Vendor Driven Specifications • Vendor Driven Specifications are specifications that written for a particular vendor or product • Usually are written for a specific product • It eliminates competition from the bid • May increase the cost for to the customer since no competition is created • May provide equipment that is not the best for the customer because it is suites the vendor not the customer

8. Instrumentation: Data Logger

9. Instrumentation: Data Logger Continued • System • Display • Sensor Input • I/O Interface • Software • Data Storage • Power • Voltage • Environmental • Humidity • Temperature • Other Requirements • Mounting • Tools and Manuals

10. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level - Bubbler • The bubbler system includes non-submersible pressure transducer, automatic bubble system, orifice line and orifice which shall meet or exceed the following specifications: • Continuous bubbler (line under pressure continuously) utilizing supply tank. • Water level sensor technology shall be a non-submersible pressure transducer that will be located in the gauge house. • Anodized pipe or similar material, orifice line and orifice cap will be supplied by the bidder.  In the case of measuring over a high range of water levels, several orifice lines shall be constructed with a minimum of 15% of the range of pressure transducer overlap between lines (~3m). In these cases the bubbler will come with a multiple orifice manifold where orifice lines are permanently fixed to the bubbler. • Solar charging system and battery backup which will be included at every station shall be designed to accommodate the continuous operation of the bubbler.

11. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level – Bubbler Continued • System • Water Level • Range • Accuracy • Resolution • Output • Calibration • Orifice Line • Air Drying System • Sensor Type • Purge • Bubble Rate • Power • Voltage • Consumption • Environmental • Protection • Humidity • Temperature • Other Requirements • Mounting • Tools and Manuals

12. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level- Shaft Encoder • Shaft Encoder

13. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level- Shaft Encoder Continued • Site Conditions • Sensor Type • Resolution • Output • Accessories • Enclosure • Tools and Manuals

14. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level – Submersible Pressure Transducer

15. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level – Submersible Pressure Transducer Cont. • System • Water Level • Range • Accuracy • Resolution • Precision/Stability • Calibration • Temperature • Range • Accuracy • Resolution • Precision/Stability • Calibration • Power • Voltage • Environmental • Protection • Temperature • Humidity

16. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level - Ultrasonic

17. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level – Ultrasonic Continued • System • Water Level • Range • Accuracy • Resolution • Output • Calibration • Power • Voltage • Consumption • Environmental • Protection • Temperature • Humidity • Other Requirements • Mounting • Tools and Manuals

18. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level - Radar

19. Instrumentation: Surface Water Level – Radar Continued • System • Water Level • Range • Accuracy • Resolution • Output • Calibration • Cabling • Power • Voltage • Consumption • Environmental • Protection • Humidity • Temperature • Other Requirements • Mounting • Tools and Manuals

20. Instrumentation: Discharge – Radar Discharge

21. Instrumentation: Discharge – Radar Discharge • Power Input • Minimum and Maximum Velocity • Direction • Resolution • Range • Output • Tools and Manuals

22. Instrumentation: Discharge - ADCP • Side Looking

23. Instrumentation: Discharge – ADCP Continued • Side Looking

24. Instrumentation: Discharge – ADCP Continued • Up Looking

25. Instrumentation: Discharge – ADCP Continued • Down Looking

26. Instrumentation: Ground Water – Submersible Pressure Transducer

27. Instrumentation: Ground Water – Submersible Pressure Transducer Cont. • System • Water Level • Same as Surface Water Submersible Pressure Transducer • Temperature • Same as Surface Water Submersible Pressure Transducer • Internal Data Logger • Data Storage • Data Transmission • GPS • Communication Interface • Special Feature • Data Communication • Modem • Integration • Antenna • Power • Type • Voltage • Batteries • Operational Life • Environmental • Same as Surface Water Submersible Pressure Transducer

28. Instrumentation: Rainfall – Tipping Bucket

29. Instrumentation: Rainfall – Tipping Bucket • System • Rainfall • Intensity • Accuracy • Signal Output • Calibration • Power • Voltage • Other Requirements • Needs • Tools and Manuals

30. Real-time Data Relay

31. Management

32. Maintenance and Training