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USING LANGUAGE. USING LANGUAGE. Language does not simply mirror reality Language helps shape reality by giving meaning to events. USING LANGUAGE. Words are the tools of the speaker’s trade. USING LANGUAGE. 2 KINDS OF MEANING. USING LANGUAGE. DENOTATIVE Precise Literal Objective
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USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor
USINGLANGUAGE • Language does not simply mirrorreality • Language helps shapereality by giving meaning to events KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Words are the tools of the speaker’s trade
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • 2 KINDS OF MEANING
USINGLANGUAGE • DENOTATIVE • Precise • Literal • Objective • Dictionary Meaning KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • CONNOTATIVE • Variable • Figurative • Subjective • Suggested or Implied Meaning
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Language must be used ACCURATELY • Be sensitive toshades of meaning
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Language must be used CLEARLY • A speaker’s message must be immediately Comprehensible
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Ways To Speak Clearly: • Use FamiliarWords • Use Concrete Words • Eliminate Linguistic Clutter
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Language Must Be Used VIVIDLY • Use Imagery • ConcreteWords • Simile • Metaphor
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Use RHYTHM To Enhance Vividness • Language Has Rhythm Created By Choice And Arrangement Of Words
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • 4 Basic Stylistic Devices To Enhance Rhythm:
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Parallelism– • The SimilarArrangement Of A Pair Or Series Of Related Words, Phrases, Or Sentences
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Repetition– • Repeating The Same Word Or Set Of Words At The Beginning Or End Of Successive Clauses Or Sentences
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Alliteration– • Repeating The Initial Consonant Sound In Close Or Adjoining Sentences
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Antithesis – • Juxtaposing Contrasting Ideas, Usually In Parallel Structure
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Language must be used APPROPRIATELY • Occasion • Audience • Topic • Speaker
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor Use Inclusive Language Language that does not stereotype, demean, or patronize people on the basis of gender, race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or other factors.
USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor Use Inclusive Language Avoid the generic “he” Avoid the use of “man” when referring to both men and women Avoid stereotyping jobs and social roles by gender Avoid identifying personal traits unrelated to the topic Use names that groups use to identify themselves