USING LANGUAGE

1. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor

2. USINGLANGUAGE • Language does not simply mirrorreality • Language helps shapereality by giving meaning to events KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor

3. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Words are the tools of the speaker’s trade

4. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • 2 KINDS OF MEANING

5. USINGLANGUAGE • DENOTATIVE • Precise • Literal • Objective • Dictionary Meaning KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor

6. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • CONNOTATIVE • Variable • Figurative • Subjective • Suggested or Implied Meaning

7. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Language must be used ACCURATELY • Be sensitive toshades of meaning

8. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Language must be used CLEARLY • A speaker’s message must be immediately Comprehensible

9. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Ways To Speak Clearly: • Use FamiliarWords • Use Concrete Words • Eliminate Linguistic Clutter

10. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Language Must Be Used VIVIDLY • Use Imagery • ConcreteWords • Simile • Metaphor

11. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Use RHYTHM To Enhance Vividness • Language Has Rhythm Created By Choice And Arrangement Of Words

12. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • 4 Basic Stylistic Devices To Enhance Rhythm:

13. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Parallelism– • The SimilarArrangement Of A Pair Or Series Of Related Words, Phrases, Or Sentences

14. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Repetition– • Repeating The Same Word Or Set Of Words At The Beginning Or End Of Successive Clauses Or Sentences

15. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Alliteration– • Repeating The Initial Consonant Sound In Close Or Adjoining Sentences

16. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Antithesis – • Juxtaposing Contrasting Ideas, Usually In Parallel Structure

17. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor • Language must be used APPROPRIATELY • Occasion • Audience • Topic • Speaker

18. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor Use Inclusive Language Language that does not stereotype, demean, or patronize people on the basis of gender, race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or other factors.

19. USINGLANGUAGE KimAlyse Popkave, M.Ed., CMI, CPPC Instructor Use Inclusive Language Avoid the generic “he” Avoid the use of “man” when referring to both men and women Avoid stereotyping jobs and social roles by gender Avoid identifying personal traits unrelated to the topic Use names that groups use to identify themselves