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What is Child Sexual Exploitation?

Learn about child sexual exploitation, where individuals manipulate and coerce children into sexual activities, posing significant risks to their physical and emotional well-being. Discover the indicators and vulnerabilities, and find resources for reporting and seeking help.

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What is Child Sexual Exploitation?

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  1. What is Child Sexual Exploitation? Child sexual exploitation is a form of child sexual abuse. It occurs where an individual or group takes advantage of an imbalance of power to coerce, manipulate or deceive a child or young person under the age of 18 into sexual activity (a) in exchange for something the victim needs or wants, and/or (b) for the financial advantage or increased status of the perpetrator or facilitator. The victim may have been sexually exploited even if the sexual activity appears consensual. Child sexual exploitation does not always involve physical contact; it can also occur through the use of technology. (HM Government, February 2017) Version 2 – July 2018

  2. Child Sexual Exploitation and the Law The age of legal responsibility is 10. Crime and Disorder Act 1998 To protect younger children, the law says children aged under 13 years can never legally give consent, so any sexual activity with a child aged 12 years or under will be subject to the maximum penalties. The age of consent for sexual activities is 16. Criminal Law Act 1995 The commonly accepted age of adulthood is 18. Children’s Act 1989/2004 and ECHR 2003

  3. What we know…. • Age- exploitation often starts as young as 8 • Gender- affects girls and boys • Ethnicity- happens in all communities • Vulnerability- any young person can be targeted • Jago and Pearce (2008)

  4. Push: • History of abuse/neglect. • Exposure to domestic violence and abuse. • Parental vulnerabilities: substance misuse, mental illness, learning disability. • Family breakdown, disrupted home life and/or bereavement. • Low self-esteem. • Poor self-image. • Physical or learning impairments. • Immigration status, ethnic minority. • Environmental factors: gangs, poverty, local resources. • Lack of awareness and understanding. • Trouble at school. • Peer Pressure.

  5. Pull: • Getting attention from someone older. • Meet someone who thinks they are special. • Acceptance from peers. • Receiving alcohol, drugs money or gifts. • Sense of confidence. • Excitement of the risk. • Being offered somewhere to stay where there are no rules. • Feeling Loved and cared for. • Gang acceptance/initiation. • Being treated like an adult. • Being given lifts, taken to new places. • Sense of belonging. • Sense of independence.

  6. Who are more vulnerable? • Children in Care • Children Leaving Care • Children with learning difficulties, including speech, language and communication needs • Young Carers • Children and young people living in poverty • Children who go missing However, anybody can be vulnerable and can be targeted for child exploitation but those listed above are at higher risk.

  7. Indicators of CSE • Going missing for periods of time or regularly coming home late. • Regularly missing school or not taking part in education. • Appearing with unexplained gifts or new possessions (often new mobile phones/jewellery). • Associating with other young people involved in exploitation. • Having older boyfriends or girlfriends. • Suffering from sexually transmitted infections. • Mood swings or changes in emotional wellbeing. • Drug and alcohol misuse. • Displaying inappropriate sexualised behaviour.

  8. Who do I contact? Talk to your Designated Safeguarding lead Complete a Multi Agency Referral Form (MARF) and email to: Customer.First@suffolk.gcsx.gov.uk (If you do not have a secure email, the form should be password protected) The MARF is available on the LSCB website www.suffolkscb.org.uk If you have an urgent safeguarding concern you should contact Customer First: 0345 606 6167 (Professional Referral line) OR 0808 800 4005 (Members of the Public Referral line). In an emergency you should call 999 and ask for the Police.

  9. MASH Professional Consultation Line You can also contact the MASH Professional Consultation Line for advice on: 0345 606 1499 - (Monday to Thursday 09.00 – 17.00 and Friday 09.00 – 16.25) The Professional Consultation Line is for you to discuss the most appropriate and effective way of providing or obtaining help for a child or adult you feel is at risk of abuse.

  10. Resources • http://www.suffolkscb.org.uk/assets/Safeguarding-Topics/Child-Sexual-Exploitation/2016-02-09-Child-Exploitation-Recognition-Referral-Risk-Response-Guidance.pdf • http://www.suffolkscb.org.uk/working-with-children/policies-guidance-and-protocols/SearchForm?Search=Child+Sexual+Expoitation+Toolkit&action_results=Search • https://www.suffolklearning.co.uk/workforce-development/safeguarding

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