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Genocides

Genocides. Background Information. Ukraine 1932-1933. Aka – Stalin’s Forced Famine Lives Lost: 7 million Leader: Joseph Stalin

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Genocides

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  1. Genocides Background Information

  2. Ukraine 1932-1933 • Aka – Stalin’s Forced Famine • Lives Lost: 7 million • Leader: Joseph Stalin • Why? Stalin wanted to crush the growing numbers of people who supported a national revival movement. Kulaks (people who owned land) became “enemies of the people.” Forced collectivism. Give grain to government quota first.

  3. Joseph Stalin • Dec. 1879 – March 1953 • Good Biography

  4. China 1937-1938 • Aka – Rape of Nanking • Lives Lost: 300,000 • Leader: Japanese Imperial Army vs. Chinese People • Why? Japan was at war with China. They invaded and were provoked by a fierce opposition. Thus when they took Nanking, they murdered all captives.

  5. Nanking Japanese Army Occupies Nanking

  6. Cambodia 1975-1979 • Aka the Khmer Rouge (Cambodian Communist Party) • Lives Lost: 2 million • Leader: Pol Pot • Why? Pol Pot wanted to establish a Communist peasant farming society – an “agrarian utopia”. The Khmer Rouge was comprised of “teenage peasant guerillas.” • Year Zero – A Cleansed Society

  7. Khmer Rouge & Pol Pot Pol Pot Khmer Rouge rebels

  8. Rwanda 1994 • Africa • Lives Lost: 800,000 • Leader: Hutus (90%) vs. Tutsis (10%) • Why? Ethnic tensions caused Hutus to revolt against the aristocratic Tutsis. U.N. forces were overwhelmed and left Rwanda leaving the Hutus to massacre innocent people.

  9. Hutus & Tutsis Hutu Rebels Tutsi Refugees

  10. Sierra Leone 1991-2002 • Africa • Lives Lost: 50,000 • Leader: Foday Sankoh, leader of the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) • Why? Internal civil war. The RUF wanted control of the government funded by diamonds and gold. 18 different ethnicities did not contribute to the war.

  11. Foday Sankoh & RUF

  12. Child Soldiers • “. . . Child soldiers are forced to give violent expressions to the hatreds of adults” (Olara Otunnu).

  13. Bosnia-Herzegovina 1992-1995 • Bosnia – formerly part of Yugoslavia • Lives Lost: 200,000 • Leader(s): Slobodan Milosevic (former Communist – now Serbian nationalist) and Radovan Karadzic (President Bosnian Serb Republic) • Why? Ethnic tensions between: Serbs (32% Orthodox Christians) and Muslims. Serbs attacked Muslims in city of Sarajevo in Bosnia. Ethnic cleansing.

  14. Slobodan Milosevic • Jailed in The Hague – U.N. Detention Center. • On trial for war crimes • Committed suicide (2006)

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