The National Institute of Corrections’

1. Transition To Community Initiatives • TPC: Transition from Prison to Community - Center for Effective Public Policy • - and - • TJC: Transition from Jail to Community – • The Urban Institute The National Institute of Corrections’ Kermit Humphries Program Specialist

2. What Are We Going to Do? • NIC Overview of Transition – Kermit Humphries, NIC • Audience Introduction and Information - • Transition from Prison to Community (TPC) - Peggy Burke, Center for Effective Public Policy (CEPP) • Transition from Jail to Community (TJC) - Jesse Jannetta, The Urban Institute • Questions and Discussion

3. NIC’s Interest in Transition • 1985-2000: Decision-making & Violations Policies ► Systems Change & Collaboration. • NIC has an overarching concern for public safety…. Taking Several Forms. • Big increases in number of released offenders each year. • Transition practices are often fragmented and compartmentalized. • Stakeholders compete rather than cooperate.

4. Involve multiple stakeholders Concentrate on reforming systems Transition starts at admission – or before Risk-reduction reforms are driven by evidence-based practices Monitor performance and evaluate Critical NIC/TPC/TJC Principles

5. Transition/Reentry Climate • Learned much since 2000: from theory to practice • Much more awareness and interest in offender’s returning to local communities • Not just the job of “corrections” anymore • Multiple agencies and organizations investing • Consistent and complimentary messages and tools • Economy is changing attitudes & opportunities

6. Transition From Jail to Community The Urban Institute; Jesse Jannetta, Project Director • Two Learning Sites over past year: Douglas County, KS, and Denver, CO • Four more jurisdictions began to receive two years’ implementation assistance Sept. 10, 2009: Orange County, CA Kent County, MI La Crosse County, WI Davidson County, TN • Future products will document what is learned.

7. Transition From Prison to Community Center For Effective Public Policy; Peggy Burke, Project Director Phase I : Oregon, Missouri, Michigan, North Dakota, Indiana, New York, Rhode Island, Georgia (Began in 2001 and ended in 2009) Phase II : Kentucky, Tennessee, Texas. Wyoming, Iowa, Minnesota. (Began in November 2009 and will receive assistance for about 21/2 years.)

8. Transition from Prison to the Community—An Initiative of the National Institute of Corrections • Overview by Peggy Burke, Project Director Center for Effective Public Policy • Prepared for presentation at APPA 2010 Annual Training Institute Tuesday, August17, 2010, 3:45 – 5:15 p.m.

9. TPC’s Primary Goal • To enhance the successful transition of offenders from prison to the community in order to enhance public safety and reduce future victimization through recidivism reduction.

10. Supervision and Services Law Abiding Citizen Assessment and Classification Behavior and Programming Admission to Prison Release Preparation Release/ Revocation Violation Aftercare Discharge Sentencing The TPC Model Transition From Prison to Community Release Authority Community Supervision Prison Human Services Agencies Institutional Phase Community Phase Re-Entry Phase TPC Integrated Case Management IA, KY, MN, TN, TX, WY GA, IN, MI, MO, ND, NY, OR, RI Transition from Prison to Community Initiative

11. TPC…. • Round One--8 states: GA, IN, MI, MO, ND, NY, OR, RI • Duration: from 4 years –8 years • Round Two—6 states: IA, KY, MN, TN, TX, WY—beginning Oct 09 • NIC—through CEPP—has provided technical assistance and the guidance of the “TPC Model” • Distinctive among many national/local efforts • Second round involves Urban Institute with a focus on measurement

12. Distinctive aspects of TPC: • Its goal is public safety through offender success • Leadership • Change agents—collaborative teams • Focused on system change • Based on evidence • Targets by risk and need to reduce recidivism • Demands measurable outcomes • Recidivism reduction • System change • “reentry indicators”—employment, education, reduced drug use, access to services, etc. • Driven by a rational implementation process based on good information about current practice and what works

13. A Roadmap for Implementing the TPC Model Form and Charter Teams Expand Partnerships Target and Implement Change Clarify and Affirm Vision and Mission Assessment and Classification Behavior and Programming Release Preparation Release/Revocation Supervision/Services Identify Opportunities To Introduce Evidence-Based Practice Understand And Evaluate The “NOW”

14. Lessons—Key Ingredients of Success • Commitment of key leadership of critical partners • Ability to assign reasonable staff support • Infrastructure—capacity for planning, analysis • Balancing pressure for change with distractions • Perseverance

15. Successful reentry depends upon a seamless and collaborative process from admission to discharge….It also requires us all to do business differently. A Critical Insight

16. Seeks to move from: • From: • Custody/monitoring • Silos • Agency isolation • Unproven methods • Measuring inputs • Offender failure • To: • Behavior change • Coherent process • Collaboration • Using what works • Measuring outcomes • Offender success and public safety

17. Barriers • This is about system change—the major barrier is the system itself—it’s HUGE • The current system is designed to punish and incapacitate—not to change behavior • Inertia • Ingrained ways of doing business • Lack of skills, tools, for mid-level and line staff • Silos • Population pressures that make access to programs difficult • Budget pressure

18. KEY ASSETS • Realization that successful transition is about public safety • Collaborative change teams—within the system and with external partners • Community interest has been stimulated….should be a significant source of resources • Cross-training—examining together the current situation—problems, resources, possible solutions • Budget pressure—forces redeployment

19. OUTCOMES • MISSOURI--Decreasing rates of recidivism (return to prison) 6 and 12 month follow-ups (23% down to 15%, 37% down to 30%) • GEORGIA—Upward trend in successful completions of parole 2005-2007 ( 66% up to 71%) • MICHIGAN--MPRI outcomes through August 2007 -- 26% improvement in total returns to prison (net 400 fewer returns to prison)

20. Major Resources Respond to the Overwhelming Interest in Transition and Reentry • Major federal focus on transition and reentry • Transition from Prison to the Community • Transition from Jail to the Community • Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative • Justice Reinvestment Initiative • The President’s Prisoner Reentry Initiative • Second Chance Act

21. Tools:COMPANION DOCUMENTS • TPC Reentry Handbook—Implementing the NIC Transition from Prison to the Community Model • Increasing Public Safety Through Successful Offender Reentry: Evidence-Based and Emerging Practices in Corrections • Integrated Case Management Handbook: Lessons from Implementing the NIC Transition from Prison to the Community (TPC) Model (just released!)

22. TPC Case Management Handbook • Rich source of practical examples from the states involved in TPC • Tools for practical application • Roles, responsibilities, change strategies • Case Management “Check List” • Worksheet to “tailor the ICM Model to you jurisdiction”

23. Sites Participating in the Second Round of TPC Data from the Bureau of Justice Assistance Web Site and the U.S. Census Bureau

24. Work completed and under way in new sites as of summer 2010: • Policy Team Formation • Development of a Transition “Vision” • Documenting Current Practice • Identifying Targets of Change • Developing Measurement Strategies • Recommendations to the Policy Team • Development of Workplan to Implement efforts over the next year

25. Iowa • Focusing on reentry for some time • Conducted a state-wide training in September 2008 and a follow-up in spring 2009 • Developed “models” for urban and rural reentry approaches • Governor’s Ex-Offender Reentry Coordinating Council • Developing a “pre-audit” assessment to understand exactly how the Iowa Model is being implemented

26. Kentucky • Establishing a multidisciplinary statewide reentry steering team—operations level • DOC Reentry Task Force—the “spark plug” • Implementing an assessment tool for all offenders • Evaluating programming re: EBP standards • Charters developed for task force and team work • Developing a system map for the process • Conducted a case management training for staff in May

27. Minnesota • Results to Date • Participation in the pilot project reduced recidivism: • Lowered the risk of rearrest for a new offense by 37% • Decreased the risk of reconviction for new crime by 43% • Reduced the risk of reincarceration for a new felony offense by 57% • Did not have statistically significant effect when recidivism was measured as a return to prison for a technical revocation • TPC challenge to build on this initiative, create collaborations statewide, and implement the full model • Conducting a state-wide survey of the implementation of reentry practices

28. Tennessee • State team co-chaired by DOC Commissioner and Parole Board Chair • Working on transition since 2004—under the Tennessee Reentry Cooperative (TREC) • Implementing a Transition Accountability Plan statewide • Implementing LSCMI statewide • Working on a state-wide vision and “system map”

29. Texas • The Texas Department of Criminal Justice reorganization--created a “reentry unit,” and has received a legislative mandate to report a reentry plan by Sep 1, 2010  • The TDCJ and Parole Board have developed a Steering Committee for TPC, chaired by the TDCJ Executive Director and the Parole

30. Wyoming • Has established a state-wide policy team and a working steering team • Subcommittees have been organized around topics to: • Identify desired outcomes • Assess current status • Identify problems • Make recommendations

31. Work with these new states will benefit from: • A vibrant “reentry movement” • Public safety clearly understood as the core goal • Collaboration and involvement of non-correctional stakeholders clearly understood and embraced • Risk reduction and recidivism reduction sought as outcomes

32. Work with these new states will benefit from: • Sentencing—courts coming to the reentry table • State-level policy collaboration becoming the norm • Risk/Needs assessments implemented at admission • Case plan development with targeted interventions

33. TPC Performance Measurement Along Three Dimensions • System Change • Use of assessment • Provision of case management • Targeted interventions • Collaboration • Reentry Indicators • Employment • Housing • Substance abuse treatment/desistance • Mental and physical health • Public Safety • Successful completion of supervision • Re-arrest, reconviction, readmission to prison

34. Performance measurement challenges in TPC states • Incorporating TPC into existing performance measurement • Getting consistency in goals over time • Measurement in system vs. program performance • Moving from performance measurement to performance management

35. Contacts & Information Kermit Humphries, Program Specialist, National Institute of Corrections khumphries@bop.gov 202-514-0118 www.nicic.org/tpci Peggy Burke, Principal Center for Effective Public Policy pburke@cepp.com301-589-9383www.cepp.com Jesse Jannetta, Research Associate The Urban Institute JJannetta@urban.org202-261-5593www.urban.org

36. Download Documents • TPC Handbook • http://nicic.org/Downloads/PDF/Library/022669.pdf • SVORI Handbook • http://www.cepp.com/documents/CEPP%20SVORI_final.pdf

37. For copies of this presentation: • http://www.prisontransition.com/new.htm