Prashant P. Rane Safety, Health & Environment

1. Gadegaon Prashant P. RaneSafety, Health & Environment Fire Equipment, Fire Safety and Prevention

2. Fire Prevention Goals • Life Safety • The primary goal of fire safety efforts is to protect building occupants from injury and to prevent loss of life. • Property Protection • The secondary goal of fire safety is to prevent property damage. • Protection of Operations • By preventing fires and limiting damage we can assure that work operations will continue.

3. FIRE & SAFETY MANAGEMENT As per survey from fire &safety department more than 80% of fires in various types of buildings / plants / godowns / shops etc are caused by electrical sparks or short circuit. Danger to life due to fire to persons working in the plant is given higher weightage than the fire hazard to property under principal of safety management.

4. WHAT IS FIRE? • Fire • Active rapid burning &oxidation process accompanied by heat & light and poisonous gases / smoke / carbon dioxide gas due to combustion. • Fire Media • Combustible material • Air • Heat/ignition

5. Classification of Fire

6. FIRE TRIANGLE Fuel - LPG Heat - Spark Oxygen - Air

7. Ignition sources • Static electricity • Spark producing work • Friction • Exothermic reaction • Naked flame • Lightning • Electrical short circuit • Vehicle exhaust

8. TYPES OF EXTINGUISHER • Dry chemical powder (DCP) – Capacity - 5, 10 kg • Mechanical foam – Capacity – 9 lit & 20 lit can • Carbon dioxide (Co2) – Capacity 2, 4.5, 9, 22 kg

9. FIXED FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM • Fire fighting pumps • Hydrant post • Water monitor • Mobile foam • Sprinkler system • Various types of nozzles

10. CAUSES OF FIRE • Lapse in safety management - Negligence, carelessness, usually accumulate the flammable material. • Increase the fire hazard/lack of house keeping • Poor quality of wiring/use ISI marked wires. • Loose connection/overload electric socket. • Leakage oil & gas ignored & poor quality of testing and maintenance of safety equipments.

11. CAUSES OF FIRE continue… • HUMAN ERROR • LACK OF AWARENESS • LACK OF TRAINING • IMPROPER STORAGE OF MATERIAL • WELDING SPARKS - hot molten metal fall down during welding on packing material on ground and fire is initiated

12. CAUSES OF FIRE continue… BURSTING OF CAPACITOR BANKS Over voltage causes over heating of capacitor units leads to burst the capacitor release some smoke & flame. FIRE EXPLOSION IN OIL FILLED EQUIPMENTS-Electrical fires &explosions are more likely with transformer and other oil filled equipments like CT, S bushing, OLCB, etc.

13. CAUSES OF FIRE continue… • Maximum permissible winding temp-80 c • Maximum permissible oil temperature-65 c • No material should be stored / kept near the electrical equipment. • The insulating partitions and cable joint must be fire retarding materials. • Ensure proper earthing to all electrical equipments.

14. Fire Extinguishing Techniques SMOOTHING COOLING Breaking& Chain reaction STARVING

15. TECHNIQUES • COOLING - Temperature of fire zone and combustion zone must be reduced below the ignition temperature rapidly so that fire does not sustain. • Blanketing - Dense blanket to be created around the fire by extinguishing medium such as co2/foam/water etc. • Starvation - Fire is starved by stopping the supply or removal of combustible materials &filling by nitrogen gases.

16. Checklist for fire prevention actions • Fire protection system is ready state. • Separate store for each inflammable materials (paint & thinner) • Good electrical wiring • No permission for smoking inside the premises. • Very good standard off house keeping (no rubbish/unused material lying on floor) /Roof should neat & clean.

17. Checklist Continues…. • Lighting protection (switch gear / ELCB / MCCB) • Storage as per recommendations of management. • No material below the or adjacent to the electrical equipment. • Accessibility to safety equipments such as fire extinguishers/fire pump/fire hydrant valve etc. • Keeping all gangway /staircase clear.

18. FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENTS

19. Carbon-di-oxide Suitable for class ‘B’ & ‘C’ fires, the use of the Carbon-di-oxide extinguisher provides an fire risks and especially suited to electrical fire and flammable fire such as inks, petroleum products & flammable gases such as LPG, propane, butane gas. The effect of carbon-di-oxide provides a swift cooling action and prevents the re-ignition of flammable vapors.

20. Dry Chemical Powder Suitable for class ‘A’ ‘B’ & ‘C’ fires, the use of Multi purpose dry powder for all common fire risks and especially suited to paper, cloth, any electrical fire and LPG Gas, Liquid fires such as chemicals, inks, petroleum, oils & paints. The blanket effect of Dry powder provides a swift fire fighting action and prevents the re-ignition of flames.

21. Mechanical Foam Suitable for class ‘B’ & ‘C’ fires, the use of the AFFF foam extinguishers for all common fire risks and especially suited to flammable fires such as inks, paints, petroleum and oils. The blanket effect of AFFF foam provides a swift fire fighting action and prevents the re-ignition of flammable vapors

34. Thank You!