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Long Term Evolution

Long Term Evolution. Agenda. Evolution & Background Key Technologies 3GPP requirements for convergence Network Architecture (GSM/GPRS/HSPA/LTE) Comparison Time Line of LTE. Wireless Access Evolution & Background. Subscribers. Broadband Network Simplification Cost of Ownership.

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Long Term Evolution

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  1. Long Term Evolution

  2. Agenda • Evolution & Background • Key Technologies • 3GPP requirements for convergence • Network Architecture (GSM/GPRS/HSPA/LTE) • Comparison • Time Line of LTE

  3. Wireless Access Evolution & Background Subscribers • Broadband • Network Simplification • Cost of Ownership • New Services • Efficiency • More Data Services required • Voice Quality • Portability • Capacity • Data Service • Coverage • Mobility 2G 4G 3G 1G Voice Broadband

  4. Office Home Mobile Triple Play- Telephony, Data and Video/TV delivered by 3G networks Mobile Telephony WWW @ TV

  5. Key Technologies

  6. Two Key technologies are evolving to meet the Wireless Broadband Requirements 4G Air Interfaces Wide Area Mobile MOBILE BROADBAND LTE UMTS GPRS EDGE GSM HSPA 3GPP 802.16e (Mobile WIMAX) Mobile Industry Coverage/Mobility Nomadic Metro Area 802.16a/d (Fixed NLOS) Fixed Wireless Industry 802.11n (smart antennas) 802.11 Mesh extns. 802.16 (Fixed LOS) Fibre Experience DSL Experience Dial Up Local Area Fixed 802.11b/a/g Data Rates (kbps) 100,000 + Higher Data Rate / Lower Cost per Bit

  7. Goal of LTE/Converge Networks

  8. What is 3GPP and LTE

  9. Japan USA What is 3GPP? • 3GPP stands for 3rd Generation Partnership Project • It is a partnership of 6 regional SDOs (Standards Development Organizations) • These SDOs take 3GPP specifications and transpose them to regional standards

  10. Towards LTE

  11. 3G Technologies Overview • 3GPP : UMTS • Phase 1 (3GPP release 5) : HSDPA service, • Phase 2 (3GPP release 6):HSUPA Uplink high-speed data • Phase 3 :(3GPP release 7) HSPA+ Capacity Improvements in UL and DL, above 10 Mbps • Next-Generation Cellular System (in about 2010) (LTE) Release 8 • 100 Mbps DL and 50 Mbps UL full-mobility wide area coverage • 1 Gbps low-mobility local area coverage

  12. LTE radio access Downlink: OFDM Uplink: SC-FDMA Advanced antenna solutions Diversity Beam-forming Multi-layer transmission (MIMO) Spectrum flexibility Flexible bandwidth New and existing bands Duplex flexibility: FDD and TDD 1.4 MHz 20 MHz TX TX OFDMA SC-FDMA LTE Access

  13. Network Architecture (GSM/GPRS/HSPA/LTE)

  14. Architecture’s • GSM Basic Blocks • GSM Voice Call • GSM Data Call • HSPA • LTE

  15. GSM Architecture Overview • A GSM system is made up of three subsystems: • The mobile station (MS) • The Base station subsystem (BSS) • The Network and switching subsystem (NSS) • The interfaces defined between each of these sub systems include: • “A” interface between NSS and BSS • “Abis” interface between BSC and BTS (Within the BSS) • “Um” air interface between the BSS and the MS

  16. GSM Voice Network A subscriber BSC BTS Only Voice Call MSC PSTNFixed Network BSC BTS B subscriber HSCS 9.6 Kp/s OMO

  17. GSM Architecture Abis Interface Interface

  18. GSM Voice and Data Call Architecture Voice Calls Path Data Calls Path Packet Data14.4 Kp/s

  19. Terminology Update • EPC = Evolved Packet core (earlier SAE=System Architecture Evolution). • e UTRAN = Evolved UTRAN (earlier LTERAN = Long Term Evolution). • EPS = Evolved Packet Systems including EPC and Terminals.

  20. Evolution Path Architecture • The control plane and the user plane communicate with each other simultaneously • Node B communicates with RNC which in turn communicates with SGSN and GGSN Yesterday

  21. Evolution Path Architecture • Node B Can now bypass the SGSN through the user plane. • The pay load (user plane) from Node B is now routed directly to the gateway Today

  22. Evolution Path Architecture • The pay load is to be directed to a tunnel (eUTRAN) • Payload goes directly from the evolved node B to the Gateway • Control plane is directed at the Mobility management end. Tomorrow

  23. LTE Architecture Evolved Packet Core MME/UPE = Mobility Management Entity/User Plane Entity eNB = eNodeB

  24. Evolved Packet Switching Network Architecture P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW P-GW/S-GW E P C Interfaces MME MME MME S11 S1-Cp X2 Gi LTE NODE B LTE NODE B EUTRAN LTE NODE B LTE NODE B LTE NODE B Air Interface

  25. 2G Towards 3G Networks IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR Gi PCRF Gr Gx Gn Gn GGSN SGSN Iu Gb • Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects RNC BSC Iur Node B BTS 2G 3G

  26. HSPA (Higher Speed Packet Access) IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR/HSS Gi PCRF Gr Gx Gn GGSN SGSN Optimizing the 3G/HSPA payload plane for Broadband traffic Iu CP Iu UP Gb 10 Mb/s RNC BSC Iur Node B BTS 2G 3G

  27. Rel 99 Rel 5 Rel 6 Rel 4 3GPP Release Timeline LTE HSDPA HSUPA HSPA+ WCDMA MSC Split Rel 8 Rel 7 2007 2008 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

  28. LTE Offer’s • Performance and capacity DL 100 Mbps AND UL 50 Mbps • Simplicity Flexible Bandwidths (5Mhz-20Mhz), FDD and TDD plug-and-play Devices self-configuration Devices self-optimization Devices

  29. LTE (Long Term Evolution) • Radio Side (LTE – Long Term Evolution) • Improvements in spectral efficiency, user throughput, latency • Simplification of the radio network • Efficient support of packet based services • Network Side (SAE – System Architecture Evolution) • Improvement in latency, capacity, throughput • Simplification of the core network • Optimization for IP traffic and services • Simplified support and handover to non-3GPP access technologies

  30. Evolution of 3GPP Radio Rates

  31. LTE Objectives • Reduced cost per bit • Improve spectrum efficiency ( e.g. 2-4 x Rel6) • Reduce cost of backhaul (transmission in UTRAN) • Increased service provisioning – more services at lower cost with better user experience • Focus on delivery of services utilising ”IP” • Reduce setup time and round trip time • Increase the support of QoS for the various types of services (e.g. Voice over IP) • Increase peak bit rate (e.g. above 100Mbps DL and above 50Mbps UL) • Allow for reasonable terminal power consumption

  32. LTE Secrets • 2 main issues have been investigated: • The physical layer • The access network internal architecture • Physical layer • Downlink based on OFDMA • OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity etc • Uplink based on SC-FDMA • SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices • (battery power considerations) • For both FDD and TDD modes (User Equipment to support both) • With Similar framing + an option for TD SCDMA framing also • Access Network consideration • For the access network it was agreed to get rid of the RNC which minimized the number of nodes

  33. LTE Architecture PA/DU Core & IMS IP networks HLR/HSS HLR/HSS SGi PCRF ”HLR/HSS” PCRF Gr S6a EPC PDN GW Serving GW S7 S4 PDN GWServing GW SGSN SGSN MME MME S2a/b S11 S3 ”Gateway” ”Mobility Server” S10 Iu CP Iu UP Gb S1-U S1-MME PA/DU Radio RBS RNC BSC Iur eNodeB eNode B X2 Node B BTS Non-3GPP access 2G 3G LTE OSS

  34. Core Nodes of LTE • Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) - to provide connections for GERAN (GSM Radio Access Network) and UTRAN Networks (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) • Serving Gateway - to terminate the interface toward the 3GPP radio-access networks • PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing, policy enforcing and providing access to non-3GPP access networks • Mobility Management Entity (MME) - to manage control plane context, authentication and authorization • 3GPP anchor - to manage mobility for 2G/3G and LTE systems • SAE anchor - to manage mobility for non 3GPP RATs • Policy Control and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) - to manage Quality of Service (QoS) aspects

  35. S2a/b Non-3GPP access From 3GPP to LTE/SAE The PDN and Serving GW may be separate nodes in some scenarios (S5 in-between) IP networks Only PS Domain shown HLR/HSS SGi PCRF Gr S6a S7 S4 PDN GWServing GW SGSN MME S11 S3 S10 Iu CP Iu UP Gb S1-U S1-MME RNC BSC Iur eNodeB X2 Node B BTS 2G 3G LTE PDN Gateway - to control IP data services like routing, addressing, policy enforcing and providing access to non-3GPP access networks

  36. Comparison

  37. Comparison withSpeed 40-100Mbps Fiber like speed on mobile • True high-speed mobile data • Full-motion HD video anywhere • Stream any content • Mobile peer2peer & Web 2.0 (Networking) • Triple play EDGE ADSL EVDO-A HSDPA ADSL-2+ LTE Fiber Mbps

  38. Comparison Cost • Spectral efficiencyBetter utilization of spectrum available • Low frequency, Advanced Receivers and Smart AntennaFor improved coverage and reduced cost of ownership • Increased CapacityMuch higher user and sector throughput for lower individual cost service delivery • Simpler RAN, IP Core & Centralized service deliveryFewer nodes & interfaces (Node-B/RNC/Gateway) One Network & IMS for all access technologies • Connect to legacy coresExisting network asset investment protection • 3GPP/2 Market tractionEconomy of scale $ UMTS rel.99 voice call cost 10% LTE VoIP cost* Predicted LTE VoIP voice call cost* - Sound Partners Limited Research 3GPP subscribers 85% market share

  39. Response Time 10-5msec latency Highly Responsive Multimedia • Improved user experience • Fast VoIP call set-up • Instantaneous web pages • Streaming fast buffering • Online mobile gaming EDGE ADSL EVDO-A HSDPA ADSL-2+ LTE Fiber

  40. LTE Time Line

  41. Mobile broadband speed evolution LTE Evolution LTE HSPA Evolution HSPA 3G- R’99 Target 1 Gbps Peak rate 384 kbps 3.6 Mbps 7/14 Mbps 21/28/42 Mbps ~150 Mbps 2013 2002 2005 2007 2008/2009 2009

  42. References • http://www.3gpp.org/ • http://www.radio-electronics.com • http://www.ericsson.com/technology/whitepapers/lte_overview.pdf • http://www.ngmn.org/

  43. Thank you

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