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The Challenges in Developing Digital Collections of Phonograph Records

The Challenges in Developing Digital Collections of Phonograph Records Catherine Lai, Ichiro Fujinaga, and Cynthia Leive Music Technology Area, Faculty of Music and Marvin Duchow Music Library McGill University, Montreal, Canada Presentation at JCDL in Denver, Colorado, 10 June 2005

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The Challenges in Developing Digital Collections of Phonograph Records

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  1. The Challenges in DevelopingDigital Collections of Phonograph Records Catherine Lai, Ichiro Fujinaga, and Cynthia Leive Music Technology Area, Faculty of Music and Marvin Duchow Music Library McGill University, Montreal, Canada Presentation at JCDL in Denver, Colorado, 10 June 2005

  2. Presentation Outline • Introduction • Background • Creation of Workflow Management System • Challenges • Future Work Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  3. David Edelberg’s Handel LPs • Handel phonograph records (LPs) of David Edelberg (1939–89) Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  4. Reasons for Digitization • Risk of deterioration • Restricted access in archival custody • No inter-library loan: barrier to research • Technology advancement: user behavior changed • Records released before 1955 in public domain Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  5. Research Objectives • Create an efficient and economical workflow management system • Minimize human intervention • Create the ground-truth data Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  6. Overall Workflow Hardware acquisition, installation, and configuration Software installation and development Copyright and rights management Audio track separation Metadata schema design Analogue-to-digital (A/D) audio conversion Image scanning of record labels and packaging Metadata extraction Text conversion Creation of derivatives Web site design, development, and maintenance Database design, implementation, and maintenance Review and evaluation Imposed challenges New software and tools in development Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  7. Challenges Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  8. Complex Rights Management • Aggregate creation of several parties • Dates of LPs not widely indicated before the inclusion of phonogram dates beginning 1976 • WorldCat, Catalogues by Schwann, Gramophone, and so on. • Renewed or extended copyrights can occur Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  9. Metadata Schema Design • Metadata type • Complete auditory, pictorial, and textual content analysis • Level of granularity • Success of digital preservation efforts rests on the scope and completeness of the metadata recorded Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  10. Vocabulary Control • Differences in spelling of names • Variation in musical work titles • Semantic description of image content of artwork • Effective search based on image description keywords Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  11. System Evaluation • Effectiveness of the workflow management system • Concrete empirical evidence to determine best practices • Usability of the initial model of the web delivery system Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  12. Future Work Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  13. Tasks in Development • Automatically separate music tracks • Post-processing to optimize quality • Automate metadata extraction • Automatically link bibliographic records from existing MARC records Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

  14. Clarification, Questions and Comments Lai, Fujinaga, & Leive

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