PEDS

1. PEDS

2. Secession- formal withdrawal of a state from the Union • Political: Caused separation, and was harder to work together • Economic: The South needed Northern manufactured goods; the North needed Southern farmed goods. • Diplomatic: Slowly, the South wanted to be seen as a whole new country, The Confederacy. • Social Culture : Slavery would decrease and have more rivals in the Northern states.

3. Popular Sovereignty- the right to vote for or against slavery • Political: It gave people the right to give opinions on slavery. • Economic: Utah and New Mexico were open to slavery but not officially slave states. • Diplomatic: Other countries were watching and judging how we were compromising and handling the issue of slavery. Eventually the French came and fought with the South. • Social/Cultural: New Mexico and Utah had the right to vote for or against

4. Underground Railroad- system of escape routes • Political: Over 300 slaves were brought to freedom • Economical: Economy slightly escalated because of people helping slaves by providing food, water, and clothing. • Social/Cultural: Slave owners lost their slaves due to Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad

5. Harriet Tubman • Political: A woman, paced the way for other women, usually women were looked at as property; she changed that • Economical: To avoid being sold, she ran away and became a part of the Underground Railroad • Social/Cultural: She helped slaves leave their slave owners

6. Harriet Beecher Stowe- author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Political: Her book stirred Northern abolitionists to increase their protests against the Fugitive Slave Act. • Economical: Watched people on boats on their way to the slave markets, which boosted the Southern economy. • Diplomatic: Her book stirred Northern abolitionists to increase protest against slavery, which caused the hole between the North and South to increase. • Social/Cultural: Expressed Stowe’s lifetime hatred of slavery. Rallied up abolitionists.

7. Dred Scott • Political: By his owner bringing him to a free state, his showed that the 5th Amendment, protected property, including slaves. • Diplomatic: Caused sectional passions to explode. The Northerners raged against the ruling, while the Southerners celebrated it, which caused the differences between the two states to rise. • Social/Cultural: Supreme Court reversed a federal legislative act.

8. Stephen Douglas- • Political: He debated with Lincoln, wanting to get rid of slavery, but he was looked at as an uneven match. • Diplomatic: • Social/Cultural: The public thought Douglas would win hands down

9. Abraham Lincoln • Political: Elected in 1860 as President of the U.S.A • Diplomatic- he wanted to abolish slavery, and the Southerners disagreed. His views eventually caused the South to form the Confederacy. • Social/Cultural: The public was shocked/pleased to have Lincoln as president

10. Confederacy • Economic: Contained many factories that built manufactured goods, increasing the economy • Diplomatic- the formation of the Confederacy caused the nation to split in two- forming two different countries with different opinions. • Social/Cultural: Caused hatred between people in the North and South

11. Jefferson Davis • Political: Elected by Confederates • Economic: Pursued the secession of the South, possibly decreasing the South’s economy • Diplomatic: The election of Davis as president of the Confederacy really stirred up the relationship between the Union and Confederacy. The South officially wanted to be viewed as a separate state. • Social/Cultural: South left the Union without a fight

12. Fort Sumter • Political: On April 12, confederate batteries began thundering away to the cheers of Charlestown’s citizens. • Economic: Lincoln sent food for hungry men • Diplomatic: The fall of Fort Sumter rallied troops in the North and raged the Union, pushing the war in to motion. It also caused more states to secede in to the Confederacy. • Social/Cultural: A war had started

13. Bull Run • Diplomatic: Caused Confederate moral to soar. • Social/Cultural: First Southern victory

14. Stonewall Jackson • Political: A general who stood tall during the war. • Social/Cultural: Gained control of the Mississippi River

15. Ulysses Grant • Political: Brave and decisive commander. • Social/Cultural: Drove McClellan away from Richmond

16. Robert E. Lee • Social/Cultural:

17. Antietam- bloodiest single day battle • Economic: Major casualties on the South less men to work when they come home. • Diplomatic: Brother vs. Brother. French came over to help the South in the war.

18. Emancipation Proclamation • Economic: Slaves in certain states were freed- possibly slightly less production in the South • Diplomatic: ensured that a compromise was not possible between the Union and Confederacy • Social/Cultural: Slaves rejoiced

19. Conscription • Economic: Led to draft riots and “sweeping changes” to the economy. Played a part in African Americans and Women joining the war. • Social/Cultural: Forced men to be drafted in to the war

20. Clara Barton • Economic: She founded the American red Cross

21. Income tax • Economic: It was put in place for the growing Northern economy. • Social/Cultural: Forced families to help and pay for war

22. Previous Terms (PEDS)

23. Gettysburg Address • Political - Unified the nation. • Economic – the union dominated the confederacy. • Diplomatic – • Social/Cultural – People gathered to hear Lincoln speak.

24. Vicksburg • Political – The Confederacy was split. • Economic – Southern economy declined • Diplomatic – • Social Cultural – Mississippi was weak and reeling from past losses.

25. Tecumseh (Sherman) • Political – Raided and destroyed Georgia • Economic – destroyed major Southern cities and lifestock • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – almost completely annihilated Georgia

26. Appomattox • Political – Confederacy surrender, war over • Economic – The North no longer had to spend money on the war. • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – ended the war

27. 13th Amendment • Political – banned slavery • Economic – slavery could no longer happen • Diplomatic – The U.S. was the last nation to outlaw slavery. • Social/Cultural – slaves were now free

28. John Wilkes Booth • Political – killed the president; Radical views increased • Economic – the civil war ended. • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – hated Lincoln and killed him

29. Freedman’s Bureau • Political- provided legal protection for the poor whites and former slaves. • Economic – provided food, clothing, education and help for former slaves. • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – helped former slaves

30. Radical Republicans • Political – had harsh policies against the South • Economic- they wanted to destroy the political power of former slaveholder • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – did not like Lincoln’s plan and wanted to punish the South

31. 14th Amendment • Political – states couldn’t deny rights of citizens. • Economic – states didn’t have much power anymore • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – rights could not be denied

32. 15th Amendment • Political – slaves/blacks could vote; victory for Republicans • Economic – more people were now voting and having a say. • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – any race can now vote

33. Scalawag • Political – improved economic position • Economic – they wanted to improve their economic position and regain power. • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – southern whites for the Republican Party sounded rediculous.

34. Carpetbaggers • Political – strengthened the North’s hold on the South • Economic – the North wanted more control of the South • Diplomatic – • Social/Cultural – Northerners moved south

35. Hiram Revels • Political – first African American senator • Economic – Plantation owners in the South retained their land. • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – the first time a non-white was in the Senate.

36. Sharecropping • Political – What is political about this? • Economic – probably another way to farm and make money. • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – it was another way of farming

37. Ku Klux Klan (KKK) • Political – intended to destroy the Republican Party. • Economic – If they succeeded, Southern Democrats would regain power. • Diplomatic • Social/Cultural – hated blacks and disrespected their rights.