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Chapter Fourteen Questionnaire Development. Angela Gillis & Winston Jackson Nursing Research: Methods and interpretation. Questionnaire Design. General Guidelines Types of Questions Illustrated Steps and Rules for Questionnaire Design Rules for Ordering, Formatting, & Presenting.
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Chapter FourteenQuestionnaire Development Angela Gillis & Winston Jackson Nursing Research: Methods and interpretation
Questionnaire Design • General Guidelines • Types of Questions Illustrated • Steps and Rules for Questionnaire Design • Rules for Ordering, Formatting, & Presenting
General Guidelines • Consult respondent • Keep it short • Precise measurement
Types of Questions Illustrated • Precoded, single choice questions • 4. What year of schoolare you in? Freshman‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑- ‑- 1 Sophomore‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑ - - - 2 Junior‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑---‑‑‑‑3 Senior‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑‑- - - ‑4
Use open-ended when... • Too many response categories (yr. of birth) • you don’t wish to impose categories on respondent • “really” consulting respondent • qualitative--source of quotations • determining appropriate categorization • change-in-pace for respondent
Tips for Likert Style Questions • “and” alert: avoid multidimentional • “strongly agree” always on right side • avoid double negatives--use direct negative statements • vary “strength of wording” to produce variation in response • make all respondents feel comfortable
Steps in Questionnaire Design • List variables • Anticipate how analysis will be done • write wordings on index cards (one per Q) • review conceptual definitions • develop wordings
Developing wordings • Simple wordings, common understanding • watch for “and” alert • vary wording to produce variation in replies • avoid difficult tasks--KISS • use existing wording if comparative study • take edge off sensitive questions • no speculation on hypothesis
Develop Wordings (2) • Be precise--but not overly… • Pre-test questionnaire • Pilot study
Ordering the Questions • Introduce--use blurb to introduce survey and to assure confidentiality and anonymity • ease them into it • key and repeated questions at 1/3 point • group questions by type--don’t jerk around
Formatting the Questions • begin conditioning respondents • anticipate computer data entry • vary placement of response categories • clearly indicate branching • don’t squeeze • distinctive look
Sample Questionnaires • There are 150 (or so) questionnaires on the Website for the text. These include those used in surveys developed with students for Sociology & Nursing 300 projects. You can look them up by topic or by author. • See: www.stfx.ca/people/agillis • Click on FA Davis Book