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Martin Doerr

CIDOC CRM + FRBR ER = FRBR OO … an equation for a harmonised view of museum information and bibliographic information. Patrick Le Bœuf. Martin Doerr. BnF (National Library of France) Department for Performing Arts. Center for Cultural Informatics Institute of Computer Science

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Martin Doerr

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  1. CIDOC CRM + FRBRER = FRBROO…an equation for a harmonised view of museum information and bibliographic information Patrick Le Bœuf Martin Doerr BnF (National Library of France) Department for Performing Arts Center for Cultural Informatics Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas First CASPAR Seminar about Methods and Techniques for Intangible Heritage Preservation IRCAM, Paris, France April 19, 2007

  2. The FRBR - CRM HarmonisationLibrary and Museum Information • Libraries document "bibliographic resources" in order to facilitate access to them • Museum objects and their cultural context are referred to, described and studied in "bibliographic resources" • Museum documentation classifies and describes museum objects, and refers to "bibliographic resources" • Museums and libraries also produce "bibliographic resources" about their holdings • Libraries may document and curate rare objects as museums do • Museums may document and curate "bibliographic resources" as libraries do

  3. The FRBR - CRM HarmonisationLibrary and Museum Information • In one word, documentation tasks of museums and libraries overlap • However, they are also different • Museum and library communities can learn from each other's methodology • Research needs an integrated view on museum and library information • This integrated view can only be obtained by harmonising the conceptual models that were developed in both domains: FRBR and CIDOC CRM

  4. The FRBR - CRM HarmonisationLibrary and Museum Information • FRBR: Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records • an entity-relationship model aiming to conceptualise the structure of bibliographic information • CIDOC CRM: (ICOM) CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model • a core ontology in object-oriented formalism, aiming to integrate cultural heritage information

  5. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation FRBR • FRBR • was developed 1992-1997 by IFLA, now being complemented for "authority data" and "subject cataloguing" • defines stages/abstraction levels of intellectual products: Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item • lacks an explicit notion of processes (how things are created/transformed/destroyed, how they evolve over time) • is flawed by partially ambiguous definitions

  6. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation CRM • CIDOC CRM • developed since 1996 by CIDOC / ISO TC46; now an ISO standard (ISO 21127) • centres descriptions not around the things themselves, but around the events that connect people, material and immaterial things in space-time • models typologies both as classification means and as objects of the cultural-historical discourse • makes it clear that appellations are entities distinctfrom the things they refer to • lacks a model of intellectual work

  7. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation The Harmonisation Project • 2003: formation of the International Working Group on FRBR/CIDOC CRM Harmonisation • A collaboration of CIDOC CRM-SIG and the IFLA FRBR Review Group • Objectives: • To express the IFLA FRBR model with the concepts, ontological methodology and notation conventions provided by the CIDOC CRM • To facilitate the integration, mediation and interchange of bibliographic and museum information • Drafts of resulting "FRBRoo" (i.e., "object-oriented FRBR") available from <http://cidoc.ics.forth.gr/frbr_drafts.html>

  8. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation How FRBRoo models performing arts Basic ontological distinctions: Concepts Signs Physical carriers of signs (True or not? We leave it to philosophers to say… But these distinctions are useful to us)

  9. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation How FRBRoo models performing arts How those basic ontological distinctions are reflected in FRBRER, CIDOC CRM, and FRBROO (simplified* representation) FRBRER FRBROO CIDOC CRM Work E28 ConceptualObject F1 Work Expression E73 InformationObject F2 Expression Item E24 PhysicalMan-Made Thing E24 PhysicalMan-Made Thing *: The actual correspondences between the three models are more complex than that

  10. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation How FRBRoo models performing arts Specialisation of those notions for performing arts F1 Work is a F51 PerformanceWork (= the director's, conductor's, choreographer's etc. concepts about what a performance should look/sound like + interpretation of these concepts by performers and other participants) F2 Expression is a F50 PerformancePlan (= the director's, conductor's, choreographer's etc. indications to performers + performers' and other participants' semiotic input: playwright's text, composer's musical text, scenographer's stage setting, etc.)

  11. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation How FRBRoo models performing arts What happens during a performance F1 Work (= at the level of signs) (= at the level of mere concepts) F2 Expression E29 Design orProcedure F51 PerformanceWork (= something that says how to do something) R69 is realised in(realises) F50 PerformancePlan E7 Activity R63 incorporates(is incorporated in) R64 performed(was performed in) F2 Expression F52 Performance (e.g., text of play, musical text…)

  12. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation How FRBRoo models performing arts Physical evidences of performances(documentation left by performances) F51 PerformanceWork P70 documents (is documented in) R69 is realised in F50 PerformancePlan (= at the level of signs) P70 documents (is documented in) E31 Document R64B was performed in P70 documents (is documented in) F52 Performance R63 incorporates P128 carries (is carried by) E24 PhysicalMan-Made Thing F2 Expression P128 carries (is carried by) (= at the physical level)

  13. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation How FRBRoo models performing arts A theatrical example from BnF Sergei Radlov's conceptions about how to stage King Lear F51 PerformanceWork Sergei Radlov's indications about how to perform King Lear R69 F50 PerformancePlan R64 F52 Performance English translation of a text by Radlov P70 P70 Visual content of photographs at the Moscow State Jewish Theatre, 1935 R63 E31 Document R63 R63 E31 Document F2 Expression F2 Expression F2 Expression Lev Pulver's incidental music A. Tyshler's stage setting S. Galkin's Yiddish translation of King Lear P128 P128 P128 P128 E24 PhysicalMan-Made Thing E24 PhysicalMan-Made Thing E24 PhysicalMan-Made Thing E24 PhysicalMan-Made Thing Typescript held at BnF Photographs held at BnF Wooden model held at BnF Manuscript score held at BnF

  14. The FRBR - CRM Harmonisation Conclusions • The combined model CIDOC CRM – FRBROO: • is a coherent model for the conceptualisation of museum and library information • enriches CIDOC CRM with notions of the stages of intellectual creation • enriches FRBR with the general model of historical events of CIDOC CRM • clarifies and makes explicit many notions more vaguely specified in FRBR • … and, last but not least… • information about performing arts (music, theatre, dance…) fits well in the conceptual framework reflected in "FRBRoo-plugged-into-CIDOC CRM"!! SEE: http://cidoc.ics.forth.gr

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