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by Giovanni Marsella , Università del Salento and INFN (for the NESSiE collaboration)

NeSSiE and the quest for sterile neutrinos. by Giovanni Marsella , Università del Salento and INFN (for the NESSiE collaboration). Neutrino Oscillation Workshop - Conca Specchiulla (Otranto, Lecce, Italy) September 7-14, 2014. Outline. The “sterile” issue at 1 eV mass scale

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by Giovanni Marsella , Università del Salento and INFN (for the NESSiE collaboration)

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  1. NeSSiE and the questfor sterile neutrinos by Giovanni Marsella, Università del Salento and INFN (for the NESSiE collaboration) Neutrino Oscillation Workshop - Conca Specchiulla (Otranto, Lecce, Italy) September 7-14, 2014

  2. Outline • The “sterile” issue at 1 eV mass scale • The FNAL proposals • The CERN neutrino platform: WA104-NESSiE

  3. The NESSiE Collaboration Neutrino Experiment with SpectrometerSin Europe or Neutrino Experiment with SpectrometerSin FERMILAB Make a conclusive experiment to clarify the nm disappearance behavior at 1 eV scale, by using spectrometers to allow muon charge and momentum measurement • Spectrometers at a neutrino beam. Extended studies: • SPSC-P-343, arXiv:1111.2242 • SPSC-P347, arXiv:1203.3432 • ESPP, arXiv:1208.0862 • LOI CENF:https://edms.cern.ch/nav/P:CERN-0000096725:V0/P:CERN-0000096728:V0/TAB3 • L. Stanco et al., AHEP 2013 (2013) ID 948626,arXiv:1306.3455v2 • FNAL-P-1057, arXiv:1404.2521

  4. The NESSiE Collaboration INFN and Physics Departments (Italy), LebedevInstitue(Russia). MSU (Russia), Boskovic Institute (Croatia), CERN. All these groups have long experience in Neutrino Physics and Hardware (Chorus, Macro, Nomad, Opera, T2K …)

  5. The “sterile” issue From masses to flavours: U is the 3 × 3 Neutrino Mixing Matrix mixing given by 3 angles, q23, q12, q13 transition amplitudes driven by ∆m2solar= ∆m221 ∆m2atm= |∆m231|≈ |∆m232| • The wonderful frame pinpointed for the 3 standard neutrinos, • beautifully adjusted by the q13 measurement, left out some • relevant questions: • Leptonic CP violation • Mass values • Dark Matter • Anomalies and discrepancies in several results

  6. The “sterile” issue (cnt’d) The previous picture is working wonderfully. So it should stay whenever extensions are allowed ! Exploit 3+1 or even 3+2 oscillating models, by adding one or more “sterile” neutrinos APPEARANCE DISAPPEARANCE and when with and forAPPEARANCE forDISAPPEARANCE Sterile neutrino: not weakly interacting neutrinos(B. Pontecorvo, JETP, 53, 1717, 1967)

  7. The “sterile” issue (cnt’d) • Experimental hints for more than 3 standard neutrinos, at eV scale • Strong tension with any formal extension of 3x3 mixing matrix ne disappearance ne appearance Reactor anomaly ~2.5σ Re-analysis of data on anti- neutrino flux from reactor short-baseline (L~10-100 m) shows a small deficit of R=0.943 ±0.023 G.Mention et al, Phys.Rev.D83, 073006 (2011) , A.Mueller et al. Phys.Rev.C83, 054615 (2011). Accelerator anomaly ~3.8σ Appearance of anti-νe in a anti-νμ beam (LSND). A.Aguilar et al. LSND Collaboration Phys.Rev.D 64 112007 (2001). Confirmed (?) by miniBooNE (which also sees appearance of νe in a νμ beam) A.Aguilar et al. (MiniBooNE Collaboration) Phys.Rev.Lett. 110 161801 (2013) Gallex/SAGE anomaly ~3σ Deficit observed by Gallex in neutrinos coming from a 51Cr and 37Ar sources R = 0.76+0.09 −0.08 C. Giunti and M. Laveder, Phys.Rev. C83, 065504 (2011), arXiv:1006.3244 ?? Where is nm disappearance ??

  8. Possible explanation: mixing of the active flavourswith a sterile neutrino ∆m2~ 1 eV2 Butthere are STRONG tensions between ne (appearance and disappearance) and nmdisappearance (by J. Kopp at Neutrino2014 and references therein) What is the community undergoing ? Many proposals and experiments to confirm the anomalies. Why not directly going to measure the nmdisappearance ? Mass scale (PHASE) SK 2014 MINOS(2014) NESSiE Mixing (AMPLITUDE)

  9. Prospects for the measurement of nm disappearance at the FNAL-Booster The NESSiE Collaboration Submitted to FNAL-PAC: FNAL-P-1057 and arXiv:1404.2521 BOOSTER BEAM

  10. Key-points of the proposal: The muon-neutrino disappearance is mandatory - either in case of null result on electron-neutrino(the sterile possibility might still be there due to interference modes and data mis-interpretation)- or in case of positive result (to address the correct interpretation of sterile, see current tension between appearance/disappearance) Standalone measurement of muon-neutrinos(fully compatible with upstream LAr, or, in case, a small active scintillator targetmay be foreseen at Near-site for NC/CC and absolute rate control) Interplay between systematic and statistical errors:optimized configuration for Near and Far site IDENTICAL near and far detector(the same iron slab will be cut in two pieces to be put corresponding in the Near and the Far) No R&D/refurbishing/upgrade: robustness of the program(80% of re-used well proven detectors, straightforward extension;100 kWatt needed for each site)

  11. Careful study of the FNAL-Booster neutrino beam, based on previous knowledge from MiniBooNE, SciBooNE and data obtained by HARP and E910. • full simulation of the beam with GEANT4 and FLUKA(from proton to neutrinos) • detailed systematic error source analysis(use of Sanford-Wang parametrization) • Several configurations analyzed, on/off-axis including MicroBooNE siteand different detector sizes Far site Near site A possibility Near: SciBooNE enclosureFar: NOvAsurface building meters

  12. Near-site Far Near-size Far Far Near-off chosen configuration Near almost on axis Far on surface, Full “NESSiE” configuration

  13. Near site Eneutrinos Far site pmuons ABSOLUTE nb. interactions in the FAR fiducial volume, 3 years data taking

  14. Sensitivity from here (now) with strong cuts plus statistical error plus systematics only on pm reconstruction to here (NESSiE) Three independent analyses, with different statistical approaches MINOS (Neutrino 2014) a full simulation and a careful treatment of 1% systematics error

  15. The CERN Neutrino Platform: WA104-NESSiE • Precision measurement of muon momentum & charge in the 0.5 GeV - 10 GeVrange • - relevant to disentangle ν anomalies in ν / anti-ν channels • relevant in LBL exps to limit ν / anti-ν related systematics • Proposedstrategy • The “conservative” approach • Air Core Magnet spectrometer coupled to Iron Core Magnet spectrometer – Coupling to upstream LAr TPC • B) The advancedsolution (R&D) • -Superconducting ACM spectrometer – Coupling to upstream LAr TPC • MagnetizationofLarge Volume LAr-TPC

  16. WA104 -NESSiER&Dprogram • First step - construction and operationof 13/39 ACM coils • R&D on Tracking Detectors in Magnetic Field • - Scintillator bars + SiPM in analog and digital readout • - Other tracking devices (RPC in analog readout) • Charged beam tests • - charge and momentum measurement • - Test on LAr-TPC –ACM matching • Cold ACM in NbTi : design, simulation, demonstrator • MgB2 Conductor: R&Dactvity • SynergywithLAr–TPCmagnetization.

  17. The Air Core Magnet y z gettingridof multiple scattering at low energy x • Design constrainedby • Low powerconsumption • Low “budget” of material along the beam • Low cost • Largemagnetized volume • Largeacceptance • Optimized parameters • Field Volume Depth 130 cm • Magnetic Field ~ 0.1 T • Aluminum Conductor • 1 mm Tracking Detector Resolution

  18. Cold ACM BendingPower SC Air CoreMagnetà la Atlas Assuming: Normalincidence Toroidwidth 130 cm Uniformmagneticfield Cryostat 1.5 m SuperconductingCoil Superconductor Materials: The choice • NbTi: proven successful technology – • Operating at 4 K • Exploring new materials as MgB2(operating at 20 K). Long term R&D required • cabled conductor development • coil winding technology • demonstration coils • qualification of coil operation

  19. Thank you !

  20. BACKUP

  21. Resolutions: Sensitivities from the actual NESSiE configurations (full simulation, with neutrino beam) Charge-ID measured by iron slabs (ICM: blue line) Momentum measured by range (ICM) up to 3.5 GeV, then ≈30% are provided (goal ≥ 250 MeV)

  22. DATA COLLECTION absolute number of nm CC interactions, seen by the Near detector at 110 m, either in the En or the pm variables, normalized to the expected luminosity in 3 years of data taking at FNAL–Booster, or 6.6 × 1020 p.o.t. (full simulation including RPC digitalization, muon momentum resolution 10%)

  23. Schedule and Costs Both Near and Far A bit aggressive, but reliable schedule based on successful OPERA experience (new Electronics, new DAQ, 2 x coil number)

  24. 2014

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