Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries

1. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Mechanism, Signs & Symptom and Treatment of Sprains, Strains, & Bursitis

2. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • Introduction • Think back to the lessons on muscle, ligament & joint injuries. • What is a strain? • What is a sprain?

3. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • Objectives • Students will be able to: • Identify the mechanism, signs & symptoms and appropriate treatment of injuries to the shoulder & upper arm.

4. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains - Terminology • Anti-inflammatory • Medications that reduce inflammation

5. Shoulder & Upper Arm InjuriesSprains & Strains • Sternoclavicular Sprain • SC Sprain • Mechanism: • When excessive force is applied to the clavicle • Motor vehicle crash (most) • Fall on outstretched arm or lateral shoulder

6. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • SC sprain • S & S: • 1st degree: slight pain, some point tenderness • 2nd degree: subluxation, slight deformity, pain, swelling, pt, limited ROM • 3rd degree: dislocation, pain, swelling, deformity, limited ROM

7. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • SC sprain • S & S: • A posterior dislocation can be life-threatening • May cause compression of the trachea &/or major blood vessels of the neck

8. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • SC sprain • Treatment (TX): • Ice (RICE) • Anti-inflammatory meds • Immobilize with figure 8 brace/sling • Orthopedic referral • 2nd/3rd degree sprains • Dislocations

9. Shoulder & Upper Arm InjuriesSprains & Strains • Acromioclavicular Sprain • AC Sprain • Mechanism: • Fall on top of shoulder • Fall on outstretched arm

10. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • AC sprain • S & S: • Pain at AC joint • pt on AC joint • Pain on active movement • Deformity with 2nd & 3rd degree • Drooping shoulder • + Spring test • + Traction test

11. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • AC sprain • Treatment (TX): • Ice (RICE) • Anti-inflammatory meds • Sling • Orthopedic referral • 2nd/3rd degree sprains • Dislocations • Protective padding -football

12. Shoulder & Upper Arm InjuriesSprains & Strains • Rotator Cuff Strain • RC Strain • Mechanism: • Excessive motion beyond normal range • Overuse

13. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • RC strain • S & S: • Pain on motion • Pain on abduction • Weakness especially on abduction • ROM • May develop popping • Unable to abduct may indicate 3rd degree strain

14. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • Gentle strengthening & flexibility exercise • RC strain • Treatment (TX): • Ice (RICE) • 1st + 2nd degree • Anti-inflammatory meds • Sling • Orthopedic referral • 3rd degree strains

15. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains • Shoulder bursitis • Typically subacromial bursa • Mechanism • Trauma from overuse or bone structure • May be acute caused by a direct blow to the top of the shoulder

16. Shoulder bursitis • Typically subacromial bursa • S&S • Pain with active movement • Most painful at end range, especially PROM • Mild swelling • TTP at acromion process

17. Shoulder bursitis • Typically subacromial bursa • Treatment • RICE • Anti-inflammatory meds/treatments • Maintain as much ROM as possible • DO NOT IMMOBILIZE!!!

18. Shoulder & Upper Arm Injuries Sprains & Strains What’s My Injury? • With a partner, choose an injury from today’s lesson & write a creative scenario including mechanism, signs & symptoms & treatment. Be prepared to share with the class.