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Motion Description Concepts and Terminology – pp 28-40

Motion Description Concepts and Terminology – pp 28-40. Objectives: Define and provide examples of linear, angular, & general forms of motion Identify & describe reference positions, planes, and axes associated with the human body

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Motion Description Concepts and Terminology – pp 28-40

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  1. Motion Description Concepts and Terminology – pp 28-40 • Objectives: • Define and provide examples of linear, angular, & general forms of motion • Identify & describe reference positions, planes, and axes associated with the human body • Define & appropriately use directional terms & joint movement terminology

  2. Forms of motion (p 28-30) • Linear - moves from one place to another, or translates • Rectilinear (path isstraight-line) - ex. path of a dropped ball • Curvilinear (path is curved) - ex.: path of thrown ball • Rotary, or angular - movement is around a restricted point, or axis, within the system. Ex: all body segmental movements, rotation of thrown ball. • General, or combination - movement is both linear and rotary. Ex: movement of baseball bat during the swing.

  3. Overview of Movement Description • Movement of a system within a frame of reference • Before determining the nature of a movement, the mechanical system of interest must be defined. • System may be a part of the body, the entire body, or the body plus an implement, etc.

  4. Superior Inferior Anterior Posterior Medial Lateral Proximal Distal Superficial Deep Standard Reference TerminologyDirectional Terms

  5. Joint Movement Terminology • In anatomical position, all body segments are considered to be positioned at zero degrees. • Sagittal Plane Movements • Frontal Plane Movements • Transverse Plane Movements • Other Movements

  6. Movement Planes and Axes • Planes (See Figure 2.3, p 33) • Transverse (across), frontal (front and back sections), and sagital (left and right sections) • Axes • mediolateral (side to side), anterio-posterior (front to back), longitudinal, and diagonal (or oblique) • Movements • Flexion-extension (mediolateral axis, sagital plane) • example: nee and hip while doing squats • Abduction-adduction (anterio-post axis, frontal plane) • example: raising arm to side of shoulder • Rotation (longitudinal axis, transverse plane) • example: turning head to side

  7. Movements in Sagital Plane

  8. Movements In Frontal Plane

  9. Movements in Transverse plane

  10. Flexion-extension – All occur in sagital plane

  11. Abduction- Adduction – all Occur in frontal plane

  12. Rotation: All occur in Transverse plane

  13. Standard Reference TerminologyAnatomical Reference Position • Erect standing position • all body parts, including the palms of the hands, facing forward; considered the starting position for body segment movements

  14. Spatial Reference Systems • Used to standardize the measurements taken Cartesian Coordinate system • Movements primarily in a single direction, or planar, can be analyzed using a two-dimensional Cartesian • X (horizontal) direction • Y (vertical) direction • 3-dimensional by adding a z-axis

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