CoSMIC: An MDA Tool Suite for Distributed Real-time and Embedded Systems

1. CoSMIC: An MDA Tool Suite for Distributed Real-time and Embedded Systems Aniruddha Gokhale, Tao Lu, Emre Turkay, Balachandran Natarajan, Jeff Parsons, K. Balasubramaniam, Boris Kolpakov, Arvind Krishna, J. Balasubramaniam {gokhale, lu, turkaye, bala, parsons, kitty, boris, arvindk,jaiganesh}@dre.vanderbilt.edu www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/cosmic ISIS, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN 37203 Work supported by AFRL contract# F33615-03-C-4112 for DARPA PCES Program

2. DRE Applications Middleware Services distributed system Middleware Operating Sys & Protocols Hardware & Networks Research Synopsis Model Driven Approach for Distributed Real-time & Embedded Middleware • Develop, validate, & help to standardize technologies that: • Model • Analyze • Synthesize & • Provision • multiple layers of middleware for distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems that require simultaneous control of multiple quality of service properties end-to-end <CONFIGURATION_PASS> <HOME> <…> <COMPONENT> <ID> <…></ID> <EVENT_SUPPLIER> <…events this component supplies…> </EVENT_SUPPLIER> </COMPONENT> </HOME> </CONFIGURATION_PASS>

3. Distributed Real-time & Embedded Systems The Future The Past • Network-centric & large-scale • Dynamic context • Stringent simultaneous quality of service (QoS) demands • Part of larger systems • Resourceconstrained • Stringent simultaneous quality of service (QoS) demands • Part of larger systems • Resourceconstrained

4. MIDDLEWARE ARCHS CORBA Apps J2EE Apps .NET Apps DRE Applications CORBA Services J2EE Services .NET Services Middleware Services CORBA J2EE .NET Solaris VxWorks Middleware Win2K Linux LynxOS Operating Sys & Protocols Hardware & Networks DRE Systems: The Challenges Ahead (1/2) • There is a limit to how much application functionality can be factored into broadly reusable COTS middleware • Middleware has become extremely complicated to use, configure, & provision statically & dynamically • There are now multiple middleware technologies to choose from

5. … … Middleware Bus Container Replication Security Persistence Notification DRE Systems Challenges: Emergence of Component Middleware (2/2) Context • Component middleware gaining importance (CCM, J2EE, .NET) • Components encapsulate application core logic • Components possess • Event sinks & sources • Connection points e.g., receptacles • Interfaces e.g., facets • attributes • Containers provide execution environment for components with common operating requirements • Containers communicate via a middleware bus Challenges • Accidental complexities configuring the middleware • Accidental complexities deploying semantically compatible components

6. … … … … Middleware Bus Container Container Replication Security Persistence Notification Our Solution: Model-Driven Middleware for DRE Systems Key Benefits • Preserves DRE application functional & systemic QoS properties as high level models • Domain-specific languages & analysis/synthesis tools transform models to customize underlying multi-layered middleware platforms • Leverages & shapes standards for wider applicability <CONFIGURATION_PASS> <HOME> <…> <COMPONENT> <ID> <…></ID> <EVENT_SUPPLIER> <…events this component supplies…> </EVENT_SUPPLIER> </COMPONENT> </HOME> </CONFIGURATION_PASS> Related Work: • MIC, Vanderbilt (Sztipanovits, Karsai, et al) • Ptolemy, UC Berkeley (Lee et al) • Cadena, KSU (John Hatcliff et al) • Quality Connector, LMCO (Joe Cross et. al)

7. MDA-Component Middleware Integration • Our tool suite is called CoSMIC • CoSMIC = Component Synthesis using Model Integrated Computing • Goals • Configuring and deploying application services end-to-end • Composing components into component servers • Configuring application component containers • Synthesizing application component implementations • Synthesizing middleware-specific configurations • Synthesizing dynamic QoS provisioning and adaptation logic • Synthesizing middleware implementations

8. Current Target Middleware: CIAO CORBA Component Model Focus on infrastructure support for composition of the following aspects • CIDL compiler to synthesize component descriptor metadata & stubs/skeletons • RT event channel integration with CIAO containers • Assembly & deployment framework • Collaboration with Washington University RT Event Channel www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/CIAO Component Integrated ACE ORB (CIAO)

9. Boeing Bold Stroke: Current Target Domain • Avionics Product Line Component Model • DRE system with 3,000+ domain-specific software components, 3-5 million lines of C++ code • 100+ developers • Mission-control software for Boeing military aircraft, e.g., F-18 E/F, Harrier, UCAV • Leverages the ACE+TAO middleware • Used as Avionics Open Experimental Platform (OEP) for DARPA/IXO PCES & MoBIES programs • Moving towards using CIAO CCM

10. Component Assembly & Deployment (1/3) • Application components are partitioned, assembled and then deployed in a way that provides optimum resource utilization & delivers required QoS to the application • e.g., Bold Stroke scenarios involve assembling & deploying hundreds of components • Assembly & deployment can be scripted by using XML descriptors & deployment tools CONTEXT

11. Component Assembly & Deployment (2/3) XML file in excess of 3,000 lines for medium sized scenarios PROBLEMS Existing practices involve handcrafting the XML descriptors <!– Associate components with impls --><componentfiles> <componentfile id=“RateGenerator"> <fileinarchive name=“HouseRateGen.csd"/> </componentfile> <componentfile id=“HiResGPS"> <fileinarchive name=“aGPS.csd"/> </componentfile> <componentfile id=“cockpitDisplay"> <fileinarchive name=“navDisplay-if.csd"/> </componentfile> </componentfiles> Partitioning, Distribution and Deployment done in ad hoc manner Modifications in assembly requires modifying XML file

12. Component Assembly & Deployment (3/3) SOLUTION Status: • Component & Assembly Descriptor Modeling Language (CADML) developed in GME • Used to model & synthesize CAD files for Boldstroke product scenarios in CIAO Next Steps: • Analyze application QoS requirements and determine effective partitioning of functionality and • Synthesize component assembly descriptors using logical resources • Deploy system on physical resources using existing assembly

13. Stub Skeleton 20 10 5 1 20 10 5 1 M/WBus I/O Subsystem Configuring Middleware End-to-End (1/3) CONTEXT • Middleware must be configured with the appropriate systemic metadata end-to-end • e.g., in Bold Stroke example, appropriate priority banded connections must be set between application services

14. Stub Skeleton 20 10 5 1 20 10 5 1 M/W Bus I/O Subsystem Configuring Middleware End-to-End (2/3) PROBLEMS Determine right marshaling optimizations Determine right demux strategy Determine right concurrency strategy Configuring subset of underlying transports Determine right connection mgmt policy • Highly flexible middleware tend to provide numerous configuration knobs that can be configured to deliver required systemic properties to applications • Existing techniques of metadata configurations rely on ad hoc manual selection of configuration parameters

15. Configuring Middleware End-to-End (3/3) Status: • Options Configuration Modeling Language (OCML) developed in GME • Used by TAO developers to model TAO ORB configuration options and option constraints • Validate user-provided option descriptor file Next Steps: • Develop modeling paradigm to express QoS requirements • Interactive tool to synthesize options descriptor file based on application QoS requirements • Benchmarking on Emulab testbed • Tools to generate html documentation of options SOLUTION

16. … … … Container Middleware Bus Replication Security Persistence Notification Concluding Remarks • CoSMIC Tools Applying MDA to address • the end-to-end deployment aspect of DRE applications • the component container configuration aspect • the middleware configuration aspect • the dynamic QoS provisioning & adaptation aspect • Current Status: • Modeling paradigm and generators developed for CCM component assembly & deployment • Modeling paradigm and constraint checker to determine semantic compatibility of ORB configuration options

17. Downloading the Middleware & Tools • Beta and Stable release can be accessed from http://www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/Download.html • http://www.dre.vanderbilt.edu/cosmic

18. Component Assembly & Deployment (1/2)