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Learn how to identify and treat airway obstruction, excessive bleeding, and shock. Understand the components of the respiratory system and techniques for controlling bleeding. Master the art of triage under simulated disaster conditions.
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Unit 3: Objectives 1. Identify the “killers.” 2. Apply techniques for opening airways, controlling bleeding, and treating for shock. 3. Conduct triage under simulated disaster conditions. PM 3-2
Treatment of Life-Threatening Conditions The “Killers”: • Airway obstruction • Excessive bleeding • Shock PM 3-3
Treatment of Life-Threatening Conditions Components of a respiratory system: • Lung • Bronchus • Larynx • Pharynx • Nasal Air Passage • Trachea Demonstration: Head-tilt/chin-lift PM 3-3 & 4
Controlling Bleeding PM 3-7
Recognize and Treat Shock Step 1 • Lay the victim on his or her back. • Elevate the feet 6-10 inches above the level of the heart. • Maintain an open airway. Step 2 • Control obvious bleeding. Step 3 • Maintain body temperature (e.g., cover the ground and the victim with a blanket if necessary). Step 4 • Avoid rough or excessive handling unless the rescuer and victim are in immediate danger. PM 3-12
Triage • Triage: a French term meaning, “to sort”. • More victims than rescuers. • Limited resources. • Time is critical! PM 3-13
Triage • Immediate (I) • Delayed (D) • Dead (DEAD) PM 3-13
Conducting Triage Step 1 • Stop, look, listen, and think. Step 2 • Conduct voice triage. Step 3 • Start where you stand and follow a systematic route.
Conducting Triage Step 4 • Evaluate and tag each victim. Step 5 • Treat “I” victims immediately. Step 5 • Document results. PM 3-14
Triage Pitfalls • To much focus on one injury. • Treatment (rather than triage) performed.