National Transportation Infrastructure Security Needs Assessment

1. National Needs Assessment for Ensuring Transportation Infrastructure Security 2009-2015(NCHRP20-59/Task 26) Charles Wallace, PI Telvent Farradyne AASHTO Special Committee on Transportation Security

2. Research Project Team • Telvent Farradyne: • Charles Wallace, PI • David Yohanan • Doug Ham, original PI • Other staff assistance • PB Consult: Steve Lockwood AASHTO SCOTS Committee

3. Original Project Stimulus • Increased security-related costs incurred by state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) • Need to estimate total costs to inform AASHTO’s formation of federal funding request during reauthorization process • For use in AASHTO’s Bottom Line Report • Updates 2002 Report AASHTO SCOTS Committee

4. Update Project Stimuli • New federal initiatives: • National Incident Management System (NIMS) • National Response Plan/Framework (NRP/F) • National Infrastructure Protection Plan • Embrace all-hazards risk management • Review of changes in threat exposure • Reflect states’ security investments since 2002 report • Update cost estimates for next reauthorization • Add transit and commercial vehicle needs • Address State Transportation Agencies (STAs), not just “DOTs” AASHTO SCOTS Committee

5. Protection of Mobility Assets Enhancement of Traffic Management Capabilities Improvement of State Transportation Agency Emergency Response Security Programs (Legs) AASHTO SCOTS Committee

6. Critical Mobility Assets:Identified Assets • No significant changes in the approximately 450+ existing bridges and 50+ tunnels • Some bridges and tunnels have added protection • More protection needed, possibly add some • Major transit stations and commercial vehicle terminals AASHTO SCOTS Committee

7. Critical Mobility Assets: Countermeasures • Maximizing explosive standoff distance • Barriers • Denial of access • Fences and locks • Minimizing time-on-target • Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) surveillance • Selective protection • Blast shielding AASHTO SCOTS Committee

8. Critical Mobility Assets: Countermeasures (cont’d) • Increase ITS surveillance for security • Prevent vehicles from being used as platforms for weapons of mass destruction • Increased protection against improvised explosive devices, suicide perpetrators, and rocket-assisted munitions AASHTO SCOTS Committee

9. Traffic Management Capabilities: Program Elements • ITS deployment: • Automated vehicle-detection technology • Surveillance systems • Advance traveler information systems • Plus: • Federal/state-run centers coordinating across state lines • Joint interagency Fusion Centers AASHTO SCOTS Committee

10. State Transportation Agency Emergency Response:Program Elements • General emergency management planning, training, and exercises • National Incident Management System (NIMS) • National Response Framework (NRF) • National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP) • Planning for key security elements including vulnerability assessment and evacuation planning • Development and deployment of expanded interoperable interagency communications • Expanded and upgraded real-time security operations and coordination including the protection of traffic management centers AASHTO SCOTS Committee

11. Total 2002 Costs ($Millions) • Protecting Mobility Assets • $ 1,522 Capital • $ 882 Operating/yr • Enhancement of Traffic Management Capabilities • $ 3,654 Capital • $ 1,914 Operating/yr • Improvement of State Transportation Agency Emergency Response • $ 936 Capital • $ 1,638 Operating/yr • Total • $ 6,112 Capital • $ 4,434 Operating/yr • Grand Total 6-yr Capital and O&M = $10,534 AASHTO SCOTS Committee

12. 2008 Cost Bases • Protecting Mobility Assets • Infrastructure • Consider deployments to date • Escalate 2002 costs per Producer Pricing Index (PPI) • Estimates by Steve Lockwood • Transit • American Public Transportation Association (APTA) Survey in 2004 • Carried forward without escalation per APTA testimony • Extended Operations & Maintenance through 6 years • Estimates by David Yohanan • Commercial Vehicles (CV) • Known commercial vehicle security programs • Advice from TSA • Estimates by David Yohanan AASHTO SCOTS Committee

13. 2008 Cost Bases (cont’d) • Enhancement of Traffic Management Capabilities • Considered deployments to date (e.g., considerable ITS deployment) • Escalate 2002 costs per PPI • Above estimates by Steve Lockwood • Linking of Traffic Management Centers and State/Local Intelligence Fusion Centers based on team experience • Improvement of State Transportation Agency Emergency Response • Same as first three bullets above AASHTO SCOTS Committee

14. Total 2008 Costs ($Millions) • Protecting Mobility Assets • Highway Infrastructure • $1,687 Capital • $ 141 Operating/yr • Transit • $ 5,200 Capital • $ 800 Operating/yr • Commercial Vehicles • $ 69 Capital • $ 36 Operating/yr • Total Protecting Mobility Assets • $ 6,956 Capital • $ 977 Operating/yr AASHTO SCOTS Committee

15. Total 2008 Costs (cont’d, $M) • Enhancement of Traffic Management Capabilities • $ 3,426 Capital • $ 300 Operating/yr • Improvement of State Transportation Agency Emergency Response • $ 1,254 Capital • $ 1,638 Operating/yr • Total • $11,636 Capital • $ 1,586 Operating/yr • Grand Total 6-yr Capital and O&M = $21,152 AASHTO SCOTS Committee

16. Project Deliverables • Updated report (supplement to 2002 report) • 2-page executive summary to go in AASHTO Bottom Line Report • Updated cost spreadsheets AASHTO SCOTS Committee

17. Project Schedule • Preliminary Draft Final Report approved by the Panel 8/19/08 • Revised Final Report to be delivered 8/30/08 AASHTO SCOTS Committee

18. Questions? Graphic courtesy of Michigan State University, “Critical Incident Protocols, a Public-Private Partnership” AASHTO Special Committee on Transportation Security