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Energy Transformations

Energy Transformations. BRMS 6 th Science Mrs. Bright (6-5.2). 6-5.2.

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Energy Transformations

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  1. Energy Transformations BRMS 6th Science Mrs. Bright (6-5.2)

  2. 6-5.2 • Explain how energy can be transformed from one form to another (including the two types of mechanical energy, potential and kinetic, as well as chemical and electrical) in accordance with the law of conservation of energy.

  3. Law of Conservation of Energy • 1.Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms. • 2.The total amount of energy never changes.

  4. FYI: Law of Conservation of Energy • In 1905, Albert Einstein said that mass and energy can be converted into each other. • He showed that if matter is destroyed, energy is created, and if energy is destroyed mass is created. • E = MC2

  5. Mechanical Kinetic Energy • When you kick a football, you give mechanical kinetic energy to the football to make it move.

  6. Mechanical Energy When you throw a balling ball, you give it mechanical kinetic energy. When that bowling ball hits the pins, some of the energy is transferred to the pins making them move.

  7. Transformations of Potential Energy to Kinetic mechanical energy. • 3. In the example below explain how potential mechanical energy of the arrow is changed to kinetic mechanical energy.

  8. Energy Transformations • 4. When water is behinda dam it has potential energy. The PE changes to kinetic energy as the water flows over the dam. • 5. When a rubber band is stretched, KE is transformed to PE. • 6. When a stretched rubber band is released its PE is transformed into KE as the rubber band moves.

  9. Energy Transformations • 7. When a book is lifted to a shelf, KE is transformed into PE. • 8. If the book falls off the shelf, the PE is transformed to KE.

  10. Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion Roller coasters work because of the energy that is built into the system. Initially, the cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a great deal of potential energy. From that point, the conversion between potential and kinetic energy powers the cars throughout the entire ride.

  11. 9. At the point of maximum potential energy, the car has minimum kinetic energy.

  12. Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversions As a basketball player throws the ball into the air, various energy conversions take place.

  13. Ball speeds up Ball slows down

  14. Mechanical energy transformations may involve OTHER kinds of energy. • 10. When the book hits the floor, the KE is transformed into other forms of energy such as sound & heat. • 11. The water that runs over the dam might be used to power an electric generator thus mechanical energy is transformed into electrical energy.

  15. Energy Transformations • 12. The water was behind the dam because solar energy evaporated the water & deposited it at a higher elevation so it could flow down hill. Thus solar energy was transformed to potential mechanical energy.

  16. Energy Transformations • 13. Transformations occur between any of the various types of energy BUT the energy is always around in some form. • Energy is NEVER lost.

  17. Energy Transformations • 14. Green plants change solar energy into food (sugar) which is a form of stored chemical energy.

  18. Energy Transformations • 15. Animals eat food which is chemical energy in order to grow and move which is kinetic mechanical energy.

  19. Energy Transformations • 16. Heat energy from fuels, chemicalenergy, can be transferred to electrical energy at a power plant. • 17. In an electric circuit, the electricalenergy can be transferred into many different types of energy such as mechanical, sound, light, & heat.

  20. Energy Transformations • 18. All of the energy from the electric circuit eventually changes to another form, much of it heat energy. • 19. The energy from all these transformations still exists. The total amount of energy is conserved!

  21. Energy Transformations 20. The chemical bonds in a matchstick store chemical energy that is transformed into heat / lightenergy when the match is struck.

  22. Energy Conversions • 21. In an automobile engine, fuel is burned to convert chemical energy into heatenergy. • 22. The heat energy is then changed into kinetic mechanicalenergy.

  23. Chemical  ThermalKinetic Mechanical

  24. QUIZ TIME! 1.What type of energy cooks food in a microwave oven? Electrical ENERGY 2.What type of energy is the spinning plate inside of a microwave oven? Kinetic MECHANICAL ENERGY

  25. QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is transported to your house through power lines. 3.When you plug an electric fan to a power outlet, electrical energy is transform into what type of energy? Kinetic MECHANICAL ENERGY

  26. QUIZ TIME! 4.What energy transformation occurs when an electric lamp is turned on? ELECTRICAL ENERGY  Light ENERGY

  27. 5.What type of energy transfer is shown below? Solar to Chemical Energy

  28. 6.What types of energy are shown below? Electrical & Kinetic Mechanical

  29. 7.What type of energy is shown below? Chemical Energy (yummy)

  30. 8.What types of energy is shown below? Heat / Light Energy

  31. Draw a flow map showing the flow of energy transformations in a car from starting vehicle to driving. You should have 5 different types of energy.

  32. 9. Energy Transfer Sound (Kinetic Mechanical) Electrical Thermal Kinetic Mechanical Electrical Chemical Electrical Light (Radiant)

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