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Chapter 25

Chapter 25. Organic Review. Hydrocarbon Prefixes:. IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Hydrocarbon prefixes meth C eth C-C prop C-C-C but C-C-C-C Pent C-C-C-C-C hex C-C-C-C-C-C hept C-C-C-C-C-C-C oct C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C non C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C dec C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C.

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Chapter 25

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  1. Chapter 25 Organic Review

  2. Hydrocarbon Prefixes: • IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry • Hydrocarbon prefixes • meth C • eth C-C • prop C-C-C • but C-C-C-C • Pent C-C-C-C-C • hex C-C-C-C-C-C • hept C-C-C-C-C-C-C • oct C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C • non C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C • dec C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C Memory device mosquitos eat people’s blood meth = 1 eth = 2 prop = 3 but = 4

  3. carbon 4 hydrogen methyl trans Trans = opposite sides of double bond.

  4. 6. Define an isomer: An isomer is when the same molecular formula has different structural formulas. 7. Draw the structural formula for propane. H H H propane prop- = 3 H C C C H H H H 8. Draw the structural formula for ethane. H H ethane eth- = 2 H C C H H H

  5. H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 9. Draw the structural formula for octane. octane oct- = 8 C C C C C C C C

  6. H C H H C C C C H H C H 10. Draw the structural formula for Benzene. Could also be drawn as: or

  7. H H H H H H C H H H H H H C C H H H H H C C H H C H 11. Draw the structural formula for: 3-methyl-2-phenylhexane. C C C C C C C

  8. H H H H H H H H 12. Draw the structural formula for: 1-butene. 1-butene but- = 4 ene = double bond after 1st carbon 2 4 1 3 C C C C

  9. H H H H 13. Draw the structural formula for: propyne. propyne prop- = 3 yne = triple bond after 1st carbon 2 1 3 C C C

  10. H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 14. Draw the structural formula for the two isomers of butane. butane but- = 4 isomer = different structural arrangement. 2-methylpropane C C C C C C C C

  11. H H H H H H C C C C C H H H H H H H H H H H H C C C C H H C H H H H H H H C H H C C C H H H H H C H H 15. Draw two isomers of pentane. Pentane C5H12 C5H12 C5H12 2,2-dimethylpropane 2-methylbutane

  12. The other isomers have branches. This is the only straight chain structure.

  13. methyl methyl 6 3 5 4 2 7 methyl 1 Find the longest chain of carbons. (Parent chain) The parent chain and the last word in the name. Count so branched groups get the lowest numbering. Identify substituents. (Branched groups) 3,3,5 - trimethyl heptane

  14. The asymmetric carbon has different groups in each direction.

  15. Trans isomers have groups attached to opposite sides of the double bond.

  16. H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H } C C C C C C C C

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