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Cubesats for Space Weather. Therese Moretto Jorgensen Atmospheric and Geospace Science Division The National Science Foundation. Independent Agency of the Federal Government of the United States since 1950 Sponsors scientific research in most fields of science and engineering .
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Cubesats for Space Weather Therese Moretto JorgensenAtmospheric and Geospace Science DivisionThe National Science Foundation UNCOPUOS 2014 Space Weather Experts Meeting
Independent Agency of the Federal Government of the United States since 1950 • Sponsors scientific research in most fields of science and engineering The National Science Foundation • operates no laboratories • does not conduct in-house research
What is a CubeSat? A pico-satellite Standard 1999 by Puig-Suari, CalPoly and Twiggs, Stanford • Design Drivers • Simple and low-cost, but safe • AvailableCOTs components • P-POD deployer system
Geospace & atmospheric science and education • 2 new projects per year • >60 unique missions proposed • 10 projects funded • Grants $900,000 total cost and 3 year duration New NSF Cubesat Program 2008
can provide most desired space weather parameters • Capability already demonstrated, or will be soon for: in-situ fields, energetic particles, and plasma and neutrals densities, winds, and composition • Capability documented and will be demonstrated soon for: remote sensing of aurora, air-glow, radio occultation, and simple solar imaging and flare observations (e.g. X-ray) Cubesats in LEO
CSSWE Science Data > 10 months operation
SEP Launched on 0913/12, still in operation Orbit:~480 km x 780 km, inclination 650 CubeSat: Colorado Student Space Weather Experiment (CSSWE) 9-18 MeV solar proton flux 8 Clear separation of species during a solar energetic particle (SEP) event Deep Penetration 6 L 4 2 0.58-1.63 MeV trapped electron flux 8 6 L 4 2 20 Dst (nT) 0 -20 -40 -60 2013
Langmuir Probe Data Simultaneous DICE Data • DICE Langmuir Probe Ne(h) from both satellites agrees well with IDA4D assimilation and IRI
Scientific value of CubeSat missions confirmed • Creative mission ideas and successful implementations • Scientific data & papers • Big educational impact • Increased recognition of cubesats as a viable alternative for space Accomplishments
Fill-in gaps in coverage • geographic, local time, sky-view, long-time monitoring • Small-scale structure • Multi-point measurements to avoid space-time aliasing • Interferometry & Tomography • Satellite constellations • New measurements • Technology experiments Cubesats in LEO: Continual, dense global monitoring of the ionosphere/ upper atmosphere Frey, S. et al (2001) J. Geophys. Res., 106(A10).
Dispensable & replenishable • measurements in 90-350km altitude • Important for monitoring the driving of space weather from the neutral atmosphere. • Demonstrated in upcoming missions: • NSF LAICE project • EU QB50 project Cubesats in LEO: Lower Thermosphere LAICE
Exciting potential • realize mag-con type missions and multi-point solar and solar wind monitoring • Main technical challenges include: • communication and power (related) • radiation hardiness • maneuverability (propulsion and formation flying) Cubesats in HEO & Beyond