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Anycast DNS

Anycast DNS. Outline. Current Anycast routing Anycast implemented Problems resolved Future. Definitions. DNS Authoritative Recursive/Caching. Current DNS. IP Address Management: Maintain DNS: ISC BIND. Current DNS – Layer 1. Current DNS Layer 7. DNS Problems 1. Load Redundancy

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Anycast DNS

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  1. Anycast DNS

  2. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Outline Current Anycast routing Anycast implemented Problems resolved Future

  3. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Definitions DNS Authoritative Recursive/Caching

  4. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Current DNS IP Address Management: Maintain DNS: ISC BIND

  5. Current DNS – Layer 1 WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  6. Current DNS Layer 7 WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  7. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS DNS Problems 1 Load Redundancy Configuration

  8. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS DNS Problems 2 Constituency Caching Monitoring Complexity Non-standard Domains

  9. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS DNS Requirements Availability Redundancy Complexity Integration

  10. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS “New” DNS Design* Linux ISC Bind Cfengine Anycast Routing

  11. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Why Linux? Cost Hardware

  12. Routing - Unicast • Single machine to single machine • Web browsing WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  13. Routing - Broadcast • Single machine to all • ARP lookup WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  14. Routing - Multicast • Single machine to some (not all) • Save resources • IP TV WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  15. Routing - Anycast • Single machine to one of some • DNS/RADIUS/NTP • Single machine to one of some • DNS/RADIUS/NTP WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  16. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Anycast – Is it new? 95% of the root name servers Corporations (eg: easydns.com) Google

  17. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Anycast - Implemented 1 RHEL host runs Quagga (open source router) Hosts have a /30 uplink to a constituency router

  18. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Anycast - Implemented 2 The router config for cr-adns-mc-1 router ospf ospf router-id 129.97.2.54 passive-interface sit0 network 129.97.2.1/32 area 0.0.0.1 network 129.97.2.2/32 area 0.0.0.1 network 129.97.2.52/30 area 0.0.0.1 network 172.16.3.0/32 area 0.0.0.1

  19. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Anycast - Implemented 3 Routing entry for 129.97.2.1/32 Known via "ospf 10", distance 110, metric 11, type intra area Last update from 129.97.2.54 on Vlan505, 1d05h ago Routing Descriptor Blocks: 129.97.2.74, from 129.97.2.74, 1d05h ago, via Vlan500 Route metric is 11, traffic share count is 1 * 129.97.2.66, from 129.97.2.66, 1d05h ago, via Vlan502 Route metric is 11, traffic share count is 1 129.97.2.62, from 129.97.2.62, 1d05h ago, via Vlan503 Route metric is 11, traffic share count is 1

  20. Anycast Cluster – Layer 1 WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  21. Failure - Single Node • Hardware Failure • Network failure • Routine Maintenance WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  22. Failure - Single Node WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  23. Failure – MC Machine Room WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  24. Failure – All MC WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  25. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Failure Timings Expected Worst case: 65s Technical Worst case: 105s Mitigate with unicast secondary

  26. Load - Authoritative WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  27. Load - Caching WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  28. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Problems Addressed – Total Load Current Total 9/5k Anycast Total 100/30K Load ~ 2k/sec Auth = 2/3

  29. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Problems Addressed – Redundancy Anycast DNS provides non instant automated fail-over

  30. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Problems Addressed – Configuration Single config for all Anycast servers

  31. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Problem Addressed - Constituency Caching Can only recommend

  32. Problems Addressed - Monitoring WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS

  33. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Problem Addressed - Complexity Still complex layout Automated

  34. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS But what about the dots? Stern warning

  35. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Time line

  36. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Try it $ dig +short @129.97.2.1 HOSTNAME.BIND CH TXT "cr-adns-ech-1" >nslookup -type=TXT -class=CHAOS HOSTNAME.BIND 129.97.2.1 Server: cn-ns1.uwaterloo.ca Address: 129.97.2.1 HOSTNAME.BIND text = "cr-adns-ech-1"

  37. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Future NS1 Slave diversity Second Cluster MS DNS / DDNS DHCP

  38. WatITis | Strengthening Collaboration | December 8, 2009 | Anycast DNS Questions? jbgorrie@uwaterloo.ca

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