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MDG-F 1656: Strengthening the Philippines' Institutional Capacity to Adapt to Climate Change Presented by: Mr. Ricardo M. Sandalo Programme Manager. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4). Warming of the climate system is UNEQUIVOCAL!.
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MDG-F 1656: Strengthening the Philippines' Institutional Capacity to Adapt to Climate Change Presented by: Mr. Ricardo M. Sandalo Programme Manager
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) Warming of the climate system is UNEQUIVOCAL!
on climate trends Recent observations show that ghg emissions and many aspects of the climate are changing near the upper boundary of IPCC projections. • global mean temperature
Green House Gases Global Warming Climate Change
What to expect in the 21st Century? • Warmer and more frequent hot days and nights, heat waves over most land areas (99% probability) • More frequent rainfall events over most areas resulting in increased flood, landslide, soil erosion, mudslide, etc. (90% probability) • Increase in tropical cyclone wind and rainfall intensities in some areas. (67% probability)
Humanity is in a new and unprecedented situation; • Accelerated sea level rise (resulting to freshwater intrusion); • Decreased freshwater availability and/or aggravated water scarcity in some areas; • Increased runoff, soil erosion and flooding in others; • Increased frequency of extreme climate event; (considerable damage to agricultural production); • Shifts in ecosystem service provision
Mitigation? Adaptation?
Current knowledge about responding to climate change • Adaptation is necessary to address impacts resulting from the warming which is already unavoidable
IPCC definition of adaptation • An adjustment in natural human systems in response to actual or expected climate stimuli or their effects, which moderate harm or exploits benefit opportunities
Adaptation means pro-active planning for a range of possible future scenarios
Examples of Adaptation • Water Conservation • Water Harvesting and Storage • Better Management of Water Supply Systems • Agriculture: forecasts and early warning • Diversify crops and livestock • Irrigation solutions
Use of early maturing rice varieties • Conserve rain water to extend cropping period • Develop rapid harvesting and postharvesting • Changes in fish stocking and harvesting • Improve fish cage management
Improve access to health care • Disease monitoring and emergency responses • Construct sea walls • Raise housing • Elevate major thoroughfare • Modify existing drainage system • “Flood-proof” buildings
Hazard mapping and flood warnings • Temporary shelters for affected communities • Relocation • Empower communities