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Genetic Recombination

Genetic Recombination. Exchange of genes between two DNA molecules Forms new combination of genes on a chromosome Along with mutations, contributes to genetic diversity. Types of Genetic Transfer. Vertical gene transfer Horizontal gene transfer.

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Genetic Recombination

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  1. Genetic Recombination • Exchange of genes between two DNA molecules • Forms new combination of genes on a chromosome • Along with mutations, contributes to genetic diversity

  2. Types of Genetic Transfer • Vertical gene transfer • Horizontal gene transfer • Occurs during reproduction, between generations of cells • Transfer of genes between cells of the same generation

  3. Mechanisms of Horizontal Transfer • Genes are naturally transferred between bacteria using three mechanisms • Transformation • Transduction • Conjugation • All result in recombination

  4. Transformation • Transfer of naked DNA from one bacterium to another • Works best when donor and receipt are closely related • Discovered by Fredrick Griffith in 1928 while working with Streptococcus pneumoniae

  5. Griffith Experiment

  6. Avery, MacLeod and McCarty • Showed DNA was transforming agent • Competent cells pick up DNA and integrate it into chromosome

  7. Transduction • Bacterial DNA transferred from donor to recipient via bacteriophage • Two types of transduction • Generalized • Specialized

  8. Transduction

  9. Conjugation • Requires direct contact between cells • Only form of gene exchange in which donor survives • Mediated by plasmids • Can code for traits that give bacteria advantage

  10. Plasmid Types • Fertility factor • Dissimilation plasmids • Resistance factor • Bacteriocin factor • Virulence plasmids

  11. Conjugation

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