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Blood

Blood. Functions of Blood. It carries oxygen from your lungs to all of your body cells Carbon dioxide leaves your cells, and diffuses into your blood. When it returns back to your lungs, it will leave your body when you exhale.

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Blood

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  1. Blood

  2. Functions of Blood • It carries oxygen from your lungs to all of your body cells • Carbon dioxide leaves your cells, and diffuses into your blood. When it returns back to your lungs, it will leave your body when you exhale. • It carries waste products from your cells to your kidneys to be removed. • It transports nutrients to the cells of your body. • Fight infections and help heal wounds

  3. Parts of Blood • Plasma – liquid part of blood made up mostly of water. Nutrients, minerals, and oxygen are dissolved here. Wastes are carried away in the plasma • White blood cells – cells that destroy bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances

  4. Parts of Blood • Red blood cells – they contain hemoglobin. Oxygen and carbon dioxide attaches to the hemoglobin, and is carried throughout the body. • Platelets – help stop bleeding by clotting

  5. Blood Clotting • Platelets and clotting factors in your blood make a blood clot that plugs the wounded blood vessels • Platelets stick to the wound and fibrin creates a threadlike, sticky net to trap blood cells and plasma to form a clot • The clot hardens to form a scab

  6. Blood Clotting…continued • Under the scab, skin cells begin repairing underneath • Bacteria that get under the wound during healing are usually destroyed by white blood cells • Hemophilia – genetic condition where a person lacks a clotting factor that begins the clotting process; person could bleed to death from a minor wound

  7. Blood Types • In case of a blood transfusion, the Dr. needs to the right type of blood to be given, or the blood cells will clump together • Clots then form in the blood vessels and the person could die, because antibodies try to destroy the foreign antigen

  8. Blood Types • People inherit 4 types of blood - A,B, AB, O • A, B, and AB have antigens on their red blood cells • O red blood cells have no antigens

  9. Rh Factor • People inherit 2 types of Rh factors – Rh+, Rh- • If the Rh factor is present, then the blood is Rh+, if it is absent, then it’s Rh- • If an Rh- mother is pregnant, then she can make antibodies against her Rh+ baby during pregnancy

  10. Diseases of Blood • Anemia – body tissues cannot get enough oxygen and are unable to carry on their usual activities • Caused by loss of blood, lack of iron, or are inherited by the shape of red blood cells (sickle-cell anemia)

  11. Diseases of Blood…continued • Leukemia - where white blood cells are made in excess, are immature, and cannot fight infections • Crowd out healthy cells; lack of RBCs, normal WBCs, and platelets • Affect children, or more commonly in adults • Treated by medicine, blood transfusions, and bone marrow transplants

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