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Understanding the Presidency: Expectations, Powers, and Roles Explained

Dive into the complex world of the U.S. presidency, from the expectations and backgrounds of presidents to their constitutional powers, and the roles of the vice president, cabinet, and more.

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Understanding the Presidency: Expectations, Powers, and Roles Explained

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  1. 12 The Presidency

  2. Video: The Big Picture 12 http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Edwards_Ch12_The_Presidency_Seg1_v2.html

  3. 12 Edwards Learning Objectives Characterize the expectations for and the backgrounds of presidents and identify paths to the White House and how presidents may be removed 12.1 Evaluate the president’s constitutional powers and the expansion of presidential power 12.2

  4. 12 Edwards Learning Objectives Describe the roles of the vice president, cabinet, Executive Office of the President, White House staff, and First Lady 12.1 Assess the impact of various sources of presidential influence on the president’s ability to win congressional support 12.4

  5. 12 Edwards Learning Objectives Analyze the president’s powers in making national security policy and the relationship between the president and Congress in this arena 12.3 Identify the factors that affect the president’s ability to obtain public support 12.6

  6. 12 Edwards Learning Objectives Characterize the president’s relations with the press and news coverage of the presidency 12.7 Assess the role of presidential power in the American democracy and the president’s impact on the scope of government 12.8

  7. Video: The Basics 12 http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg2_The_Presidency_v2.html

  8. The Presidents 12.1 • Great Expectations • Who They Are • How They Got There

  9. Great Expectations Are expectations realistic? Ensure peace, prosperity and security Power does not match responsibilities Cognitive dissonance: Americans want strong leader but fear concentration of power We want government to be small and limited, yet solve all societal and economic problems 12.1

  10. 12.1 “Bring in the new guy”

  11. Who They Are Basic requirements: Natural-born citizen 35 years of age or older Resident of the U.S. for previous 14 years White, male, Protestant First female president? 12.1

  12. 12.1 TABLE 12.1: Recent Presidents

  13. How They Got There Elections: The Typical Road to the White House Twenty-Second Amendment (1951) Succession Twenty-Fifth Amendment (1967) Impeachment Watergate Clinton’s sex scandal 12.1

  14. 12.1 TABLE 12.2: Incomplete Presidential Terms

  15. 12.1 Nixon Resigns

  16. 12.1 12.1Which amendment creates a means for selecting a vice president when the office becomes vacant? • Twenty-second Amendment • Twenty-fifth Amendment • Twelfth Amendment • Tenth Amendment

  17. 12.1 12.1Which amendment creates a means for selecting a vice president when the office becomes vacant? • Twenty-second Amendment • Twenty-fifth Amendment • Twelfth Amendment • Tenth Amendment

  18. Presidential Powers 12.2 • Constitutional Powers • Expansion of Power • Perspectives on Presidential Power

  19. Video: In Context 12.2 http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg3_Presidency_v2.html

  20. Constitutional Powers Constitution says little “The executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States of America.” Fear of abuse of power Madisonian system Shared powers Checks and balances Short term of office 12.2

  21. 12.2 TABLE 12.3: Constitutional Powers of the President

  22. Expansion of Power Changes leading to expansion of presidential power Military Technological Economic Presidents take initiative to expand role Lincoln FDR 12.2

  23. Perspectives on Presidential Power 1950s-1960s Strong = good; weak = bad 1970s Vietnam War Watergate 1980s and beyond Mixed feeling about presidential power 12.2

  24. 12.2 12.2Which of the following is NOT an enumerated power of the president? Make treaties with other nations Veto legislation Nominate ambassadors Declare war

  25. 12.2 12.2Which of the following is NOT an enumerated power of the president? Make treaties with other nations Veto legislation Nominate ambassadors Declare war

  26. Explore the Simulation: You Are a First-Term President 12.2 http://media.pearsoncmg.com/long/long_longman_media_1/2013_mpsl_sim/simulation.html?simulaURL=8

  27. Running the Government: Chief Executive 12.3 • Vice President • Cabinet • Executive Office • White House Staff • First Lady

  28. Vice President Mainly ceremonial in previous years Increasing role in modern presidency Cheney Biden 12.3

  29. Cabinet Traditional, not mandated Heads of federal agencies and executive departments 12.3

  30. 12.3 TABLE 12.4: Cabinet Departments

  31. Executive Office National Security Council (NSC) Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 12.3

  32. 12.3 FIGURE 12.1: Executive Office of the President

  33. White House Staff President’s personal support team Chief of staff Press secretary Anonymous and loyal President sets style and tone 12.3

  34. 12.3 FIGURE 12.2: Principal Offices in the White House

  35. First Lady No longer just a well-dressed homemaker Abigail Adams Edith Wilson Eleanor Roosevelt Hillary Rodham Clinton Michelle Obama 12.3

  36. 12.3 Michele Obama with military families

  37. 12.3 12.3What is the main duty of the Council of Economic Advisors? • Advise the president on banking regulations • Advise the president and Congress on trade • Advise the president on economic policy • Advise the president on intelligence

  38. 12.3 12.3What is the main duty of the Council of Economic Advisors? • Advise the president on banking regulations • Advise the president and Congress on trade • Advise the president on economic policy • Advise the president on intelligence

  39. Presidential Leadership of Congress: Politics of Shared Powers 12.4 • Chief Legislator • Party Leadership • Public Support • Legislative Skills

  40. Chief Legislator State of the Union Veto Pocket Veto Line-item veto 12.4

  41. 12.4 TABLE 12.5: Presidential Vetoes

  42. Party Leadership Bonds of Party Slippage in Party Support 12.4

  43. 12.4 Obama with Reid and Pelosi

  44. Party Leadership Leading the Party Presidential Coattails 12.4

  45. 12.4 TABLE 12.6: Congressional Gains or Losses for the President’s Party in Presidential Election Years

  46. 12.4 TABLE 12.7: Congressional Gains or Losses for the President’s Party in Midterm Election Years

  47. Public Support Influence in Congress depends on popularity Public Approval Electoral Mandates Electoral College often exaggerates the margin of victory Obama – Romney Obama wins by less than 5 million Votes (51% - 47%) Wins electoral vote 332 – 206 (61% - 38%) 12.4

  48. Legislative Skills Bargaining Moving Fast Exploiting the honeymoon period Setting Priorities Limited success 12.4

  49. 12.4 Clinton signing welfare bill

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