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Rondalla and Ravel. Lena Infante. Philippine Demographics. Population: 103, 775, 002 (July 2011) Capital: Manila (11.449 million) Ethnic Groups: 28.1% Tagalog, 13.1% Cebuano, 9% Llocano, 7.6% Bisaya/Binisaya, 7.5% Hiligaynon llonggo, 6% Bikol, 3.4% Waray, 25.3% Other Religions
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Rondalla and Ravel • Lena Infante
Philippine Demographics • Population: 103, 775, 002 (July 2011) • Capital: Manila (11.449 million) • Ethnic Groups: • 28.1% Tagalog, 13.1% Cebuano, 9% Llocano, 7.6% Bisaya/Binisaya, 7.5% Hiligaynon llonggo, 6% Bikol, 3.4% Waray, 25.3% Other • Religions • 82.9% Catholic, 5% Muslim, 2.8% Evangelical, 2.3% Iglesia ni Kristo, 4.5% other Christian, 1.8% other, 0.6% unspecified, 0.1% none • Official Language: Filipino (a.k.a Tagalog) and English
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History • Spanish founded Philippines (1521) [colonization] • Ferdinand Magellan • Killed by natives led by Lapu-Lapu who was against foreign dominance • Invasion of Spain (1564) • Led by Miguel Lopez de Legaspi
Spanish Influence • Spanish ruled for 333 years • 3 apparent divisions of music • 1) old Asian influence (indigenous) • 2) religious & secular music influenced by Spanish and European forums • 3) American/European inspired classical, semi-classical, and popular music • Religious conversion changed opinions on music
Instruments of Rondalla • Guitar • Flute • Vihuelas • Mandolins • Castanets (10:00) • Tambourines • Violin • Cello • Marimbas • Xylophones • Bandurria • Mandola • Harps • Timbales
Philippine Music • Spanish-European influence • Liturgical Music • Secular Music • Harana • Kundiman • Rondalla • Sarswela • Pentatonic Scale • Diatonic Scale • Rondalla • shifts between major and minor
Maurice Ravel (1875-1937) • Born March 7, 1875 in Ciboure, France (close to border of Spain) • Died December 28, 1937 • Known for melodies, orchestral and instrumental texture, piano, chamber, vocal, and orchestral music • Parents were Marie Delouart and Joseph Ravel • Mother was of Basque decent; grew up in Madrid • Father was a Swiss inventor and industrialist from France • Ravel was influenced by his father’s interest in music and culture • Ravel was very fond of his mother’s Basque-Spanish heritage • strong influence in his life and music • Started playing piano at age 6 • Debussy had the biggest impact on Ravel, and became the link between Ravel and Spanish music
Rapsodie Espagnole • Written in 2/4 • Made for orchestra • Flutes, bassoons, trumpets, percussion • Key of A • Melodies/Harmonies for soprano • Pianissimo/Piano dynamics • Rhapsody • free instrumental composition
Porbreng Alindahaw • Key of G • Written in 3/4 • Composed for a small group • Guitar, Bass, Laud, Bandurria • Melodies for Bandurria 1 • Harmonies for Bandurria 2 • Guitar and Laud used as back-up • Mezzo-piano/Forte dynamics
Similarities • Both written under the influence of Spanish culture • Differing meter (change in modulations often) • Contains string instruments • rhythmic similarities • No set form... • it flows freely
Works Cited • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCBZAsMAHAw • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LzeZYq-NGQc • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LI3wIHFQkAk • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XhMgOVCUp64 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5F2vSsJSfhA • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1brZyrGlTo0 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WWyI-58gpic • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ry4BzonlVlw • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYtrnr4chfU • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BHP5xjBP-9I • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vG9TECkYdL8 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CIMkv-w3qRk • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QFlKx3YPL5I • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PP9Mmtn5jDU • "Philippines Demographics Profile 2012." Philippines Demographics Profile 2012. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. • "National Commission for Culture and the Arts." National Commission for Culture and the Arts. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. • "Maurice Ravel". Biography Resource Center (Farmington Hills, MI: Thomson Gale) 25 (Contemporary Musicians). 1999.