名词性从句

1. 名词性从句

2. 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.名词性从句一向是NMET中的重要考点.通过对近几年高考试题的分析,我们可以看出NMET名词性从句考点主要有以下六个方面: 　　考点之一:考查名词性从句中that与what的区别 　　考例: _______ we can't get seems better than _______ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 　　分析: (注:划线的选项为最佳答案,下同.)在名词性从句中that与what的区别是:that在名词性从句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用;而what在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用,而且作句子成分.句子的意思是:我们不能得到的似乎比我们已经拥有的要好.此题考查了两个名词性从句:主语从句和宾语从句,what在这两个名词性从句中都作宾语.

3. 考点之二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语 　　考例1: _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 　　分析:在这种名词性从句中为了保持句子的平衡,往往用先行词it作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面,尤其是that引导的主语从句往往用先行词it作形式主语.此句也可以改写为:That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. 　　考例2: I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them 　　分析:此题考查的是用先行词it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放到后面.其他几个词均不能作形式宾语.

4. 考点之三:考查名词性从句的语序 　　考例:The photographs will show you _______ . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 分析:在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序。当关联词含疑问意义时,有的学生就会受习惯影响错误地使用疑问句语序。克服这种错误的关键是要找准从句中的主语和谓语。本题句子的意思是:这些照片会告诉你我们村子是什么样。本题中根据引导词what要作介词like的宾语,而副词how不能作介词like的宾语,所以首先排除C、D,而A项是疑问句语序,故只能选B。

5. 考点之四:考查名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别 　　考例1: _______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 　　分析:句子的意思是:我们明天是否去野营要视天气而定. whether与if当"是否"讲时的区别是:在引导宾语从句时两者可以互换,但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句以及介词后面的宾语从句或后面紧跟or not时通常只能用whether,而不能用if. 　　考例2: What the doctors really doubt is _______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why 分析:本题句子的意思是:医生真正怀疑的是我母亲是否能很快从重病中恢复过来.whether引导的是表语从句.

6. 考例3: It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 分析:本题句子的意思是:头发变白使她有点儿不安。It作形式主语,that引导的是主语从句。whether, if以及that引导的名词性从句的区别是:whether与if(当"是否"讲时)引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义;而that引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义。

7. 考点之五:考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别 　　考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 　　分析:本题句子的意思是:一般认为孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的.whatever引导的是宾语从句,A. however 和D. whenever是不能作宾语的;而C. whichever表示"无论哪一个、无论哪些",表示在一定范围内的人或事物,此处并不涉及"一定范围内的人或事物",所以也不能选.

8. 考例2: Sarah hopes to become a friend of ______ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 　　分析:本题句子的意思是:萨拉希望跟自己有共同爱好的人交朋友.疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别是:前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句;后者只能引导让步状语从句.首先排除D.而选A. anyone则应在其后加who.从句中需要的是主语,所以whomever也不行.

9. 考点之六:考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题 　　考例:It is necessary that a college student ______ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master 　　分析:本题选B.句子的意思是:大学生至少应该掌握一门外语。It作形式主语,that引导的主语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。 (1) 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气"(should) +do",常用的句型有:I. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that... II. It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that... III. It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that...如: It is strange that she (should) think so.

10. (2) 表示建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持等及物动词后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气,常用的这类动词有suggest, propose, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等。如: I insist that she (should) do her work alone. (3) 主语是suggestion, proposal, request, decision等表示"建议、请求、要求、决定等"意思的词时,表语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气"(should) +do"。如: His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the question.

11. (4) 表示"建议、请求、命令、要求、决定等"意思的名词后面的同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气"(should)+do"。如: They received orders that the work(should)be done at once.