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Quickfire. What is William Penn? (In this area) Where are the ancestors of many people in Pella from? T/F New York City is in the record books for one of the cheapest land purchases in history Find the connections in the lecture!. Middle Colonies. Pennsylvania New York New Jersey
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Quickfire • What is William Penn? (In this area) • Where are the ancestors of many people in Pella from? • T/F New York City is in the record books for one of the cheapest land purchases in history • Find the connections in the lecture!
Middle Colonies • Pennsylvania • New York • New Jersey • Delaware
New York: Dutch in North America NEW NETHERLANDS • The Dutch settled in two locations • Delaware River • Hudson River (1623) • In present day • Delaware • New York
New York: Dutch in North America NEW AMSTERDAM NEW YORK CITY • The Dutch buy the island of Manhattan for $30. • They name the colony NEW AMSTERDAM after Amsterdam in the Netherlands • This is future site of New York City (after the English capture it) • Today Manhattan is worth over fifty billion dollars (it’s one of the best buys in history)
Patroon System Dutch Patroon • Huge estates granted to promoters who would settle 50 persons on them. (One estate in Albany larger than state of Rhode Island! • Patroons live like lords, ruling their farm workers like peasants. • This is an example of how slavery was not yet racial.
Delaware NEW SWEDEN 1638-1655 • Sweden comes out of nowhere and settles modern day Delaware! • Why is this important? • Because the Swedish settlers invented the log cabin, duh! • They are absorbed by New Netherlands (Dutch) • Then New Netherlands is conquered by the English and renamed New York
The English are as original as usual… What should we call New Netherlands? Duke of York (King’s Brother) • The English rename New Netherlands after the lord who paid for the conquest: the Duke of York (New York, 1664) • They also rename the city of New Amsterdam…New York City. • Yeah, original (I know). • In 1685, New York becomes the direct property of the king.
The Quakers A religious group from England Simple and democratic; sought religious and civic freedom. Believed in an "inner light," not scripture or religious leaders all men as equal in God's eyes. Suffered persecution in New England & other colonies for opposing authority. • Quakers in England emerged during mid-1600's (Religious Society of Friends) • They opposed authority (like kings) • Refused to support the English Church with taxes • Didn’t pay religious leaders • Took no oaths. • Pacifists: Refused military service; advocated passive resistance
Pennsylvania Penn’s Forest William Penn • 1681, William Penn gained huge grant from the king in return for money owed to his father. • He founded colony as a haven for Quakers • He also did it to experiment with government • …while making a profit. • Penn’s "Holy Experiment": Religious toleration among many denominations.