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INTERNMENT OF JAPANESE-CANADIANS

INTERNMENT OF JAPANESE-CANADIANS. Japanese Aggression…. 1931 with the invasion of Manchuria 1937 with a brutal attack on China. On February 24 th , 1933, Japan withdraws from the League of Nations. THE RAPE OF NANKING -Japan invades China’s capital in 1937-8

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INTERNMENT OF JAPANESE-CANADIANS

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  1. INTERNMENT OF JAPANESE-CANADIANS

  2. Japanese Aggression… • 1931 with the invasion of Manchuria • 1937 with a brutal attack on China. • On February 24th, 1933, Japan withdraws from the League of Nations.

  3. THE RAPE OF NANKING -Japan invades China’s capital in 1937-8 -369,366 Chinese civilians and POWs slaughtered; 80,000 women and girls raped; thousands were beheaded, burned, buried alive, or disemboweled -To this day, Japan refuses to apologize (and many Japanese refuse to acknowledge it happening) for this and other WWII atrocities

  4. The Tripartite Pact • On September 27, 1940, Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy, thus entering the military alliance known as the "Axis."

  5. Embargo Against Japan • United States, Britain and the Netherlands froze all Japanese financial assets • Purpose = to prevent Japan from purchasing oil • Effect = to cripple its army & make its navy and air force completely useless.

  6. Japanese Bomb Pearl Harbour! • December 7, 1941, President Roosevelt declares it “The Day of Infamy”.

  7. The Battle of HongKong • Hong Kong surrendered on Christmas Day 1941. • 1,975 Canadians involved • 290 were killed • 493 wounded • 260 died in prison camps in Hong Kong and Japan.

  8. Anglo-Canadian Reactions • 1,200 fishing boats were seized by the Canadian navy in fear of spying • An excuse for racism • Japanese Canadians moved into camps

  9. The Canadian War Measures Act • 1914 – “gave the government sweeping powers to ensure the security, defence, peace, order, and welfare of Canada.” • Used to imprison CANADIANS of German, Ukrainian, and Slavic descent in WWI.

  10. ■The movement of 23,000 Japanese Canadians during the war was the largest mass exodus in Canadian history. Japanese Internment in Canada

  11. Internment Timeline • 1941 (December 8): 1,200 Japanese Canadian fishing boats are impounded. Japanese language newspapers and schools close. • 1942 (January 16): Removal begins of Japanese immigrant males from coastal areas. • 1942 (February 24): All male Japanese Canadian citizens between the ages of 18 and 45 ordered to be removed from 100-mile-wide zone along the coast of British Columbia. • 1942 (February 26): Mass evacuation of Japanese Canadians begins. Some given only 24 hours notice. Cars, cameras and radios confiscated for “protective measures”. Curfew imposed. • 1942 (March 4): Japanese Canadians ordered to turn over property and belongings to Custodian of Enemy Alien Property as a “protective measure only”. • 1942 (March 25): British Columbia Security Commission initiates scheme of forcing men to road camps and women and children to “ghost town” detention camps.

  12. Conditions in the Camps • Housed in huts with two bedrooms and a kitchen • shared by two families • No electricity or running water until 1943

  13. Hiroshima and Nagasaki FDR  TRUMAN Ensure Japanese surrender and save American lives On August 6th, 1945, the Enola Gay headed for Hiroshima

  14. Outcomes of Internment • After the war, the federal government decided to remove all Japanese Canadians from British Colombia. • The Japanese were forced to choose between deportation to war ravaged Japan or dispersal East of the Rocky mountains. • Public protest would eventually stop the deportations, but not before 4000 Japanese left the country.

  15. Acknowledging Wartime Wrongs • 1988, PM Brian Mulroney offers an apology to Japanese-Canadians: “We cannot change the past. But we must, as a nation, have the courage to face up to these historical facts.”

  16. Govt. compensation package includes: • $21,000 to surviving evacuees • Clearing of all criminal records related to the WMA • Reinstatement of citizenship • $12 million community fund

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