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Green Revolution

Green Revolution. 3 rd Agricultural Revolution 20 th Century. Norman Bourlag : Father of Green Revolution. Beginning. There are varying dates of the actually beginning of the revolution, but many estimate it around WWII (1940s)

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Green Revolution

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  1. GreenRevolution 3rd AgriculturalRevolution 20th Century

  2. Norman Bourlag: Father of Green Revolution

  3. Beginning • There are varying dates of the actually beginning of the revolution, but many estimate it around WWII (1940s) • Norman Borlaug was in Mexico in 1943 trying to help produce more in the rural areas. • Norman was granted funding by the Rockefeller Foundation to help spread the technology to developing nations • First called Green Revolution in 1968

  4. Punjab region in India

  5. Success Story • In the early 1960s, Norman was invited to India • The Punjab region of India was to be the test site for the new technology • IR8-a semi-dwarf rice produced more grains when grown with certain fertilizers and irrigation • Known as “miracle rice” • From 1960s-1990s yields have tripled, also prices have dropped from $550 per ton to $200 per ton • India now one of world’s most successful rice producers and a major exporter

  6. Africa: Slow Progress even with science

  7. Failed attempts • Africa has had several attempts using the HYV or High-Yield Varieties, but none have been a success • Reasons: corruption, lack of infrastructure, lack of water and irrigation, lack of skilled farmers • NERICA-New Rice for Africa, could double yields but no real success story yet

  8. Miracle Rice or IR8

  9. Cross Breeding Plants: Selective Breeding: Genetic Engineering

  10. Technologies • Pesticides, Irrigation Projects, synthetic nitrogen • Cross breeding corn, wheat, rice to create HYV • Molecular genetics have changed shape and size to support the different grains

  11. India Production since 1965: Wheat

  12. Production • Doubled in developing nations from 1961-1985 • This can ease foreign aid to developing nations • 25% increase in caloric intake in developing nations

  13. Negatives • Farms now more addicted to petroleum • Monocultures developed • Ecological demands-pesticides, soil, water • Diet change, lack of flavor • Single farmer vs. Commercial/Agribusiness • What affects will be felt worldwide in agricultural areas when petroleum runs out?

  14. India 2000 drought

  15. Water Usage • Water usage has increased worldwide since Green Revolution • Extreme water intensive plants using high tech fertilizers causing drain on tributaries and major water sources • Example: SW USA uses 36% of our water but only receives 6% rainfall • Also water quality decreasing-salinization, oxygen depletion due to algae growth

  16. Project Water Shortages

  17. Scenario Pick one side and write on it • Defend your position: (Pro or Con-You Pick) The 3rd Agricultural Revolution was a necessary and successful event for humans. Possible video to stimulate discussion http://www.metacafe.com/watch/1708683/richard_manning_on_the_green_revolution/

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