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Proposal for a Solid State Carrier-Envelope-offset phase (CEP) detector

Proposal for a Solid State Carrier-Envelope-offset phase (CEP) detector. June 10 2008 Cole Van Vlack, Stephen Hughes Queen’s University, Kingston ON. Acknowledgements: S.T. Cundiff, J.E. Sipe, and M. Wegener. CEP. Motivation.

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Proposal for a Solid State Carrier-Envelope-offset phase (CEP) detector

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  1. Proposal for a Solid State Carrier-Envelope-offset phase (CEP) detector June 10 2008 Cole Van Vlack, Stephen Hughes Queen’s University, Kingston ON Acknowledgements: S.T. Cundiff, J.E. Sipe, and M. Wegener Slide 1 (of 11)

  2. CEP Motivation • Modern ultrafast laser techniques now allow precise control of the absolutecarrier envelope offset phase (CEP) • Fundamentally interesting to look at the influence of the CEP on ultrafast carrier dynamics in semiconductors • Solid state CEP detectors are highly sought after by the ultrafast laser community, but still remain elusive • Note: Absolute CEP is different from relative CEP (eg. work by Cundiff, Sipe & co.) Slide 2 (of 11)

  3. Background • While the CEP has been measured previously in atomic systems (e.g., Krausz group,... PRL `03 and T.Nakajima, et al, Opt. Lett. `06) there are several restrictions • For semiconductors, several ideas have been proposed for measuring the CEP, eg. Wegener group, Opt. Lett `04, using carrier wave Rabi flopping (Hughes PRL `98) • These high intensity regimes are not reliable for measuring the CEP (eg. Van Vlack, Hughes, Opt. Lett. `06) • Although the CEP has also been measured in a solid state system using a gold cathode (Krausz group,... PRL `04), there are issues of geometrical averaging Slide 3 (of 11)

  4. GaAs thin film (20 nm) Dipole Polarization Sapphire substrate Emitted Dipole Field Proposed Scheme for CEP detector 5 fs pulse eg. [P. C. Planken et al., PRL `92] Slide 4 (of 11)

  5. Theory • Solved with 1D FDTD, without using SVEA • Includes propagation effects • Includes Surface SHG (Wegener & co, Opt. Lett. `04) Slide 5 (of 11)

  6. Material Equations • Field coupled to semiconductor Bloch equations, w/o RWA • Employ two band approximation • Use tight-binding model for bands (w/ GaAs parameters) • Included intraband relaxation Slide 6 (of 11)

  7. Coulombic Effects • Time dependent , which includes excitation induced dephasing (eg. Haug & co., PRL. `99) • Rabi frequency , ! E0=3 GV/m (corresponds to Ipeak¼ 1 TW, or a 2.6 pulse) Unscreened due to slow buildup of screening on ~10fs timescales (Haug & co., PR B. `94) Slide 7 (of 11)

  8. =/2 =0 Nonlinear Field Spectra and Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics Slide 8 (of 11)

  9. =/2 =0 Nonlinear Field Spectra and Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics with excitonic contribution Slide 9 (of 11)

  10. Phase Map of Emitted Spectra With excitonic interaction Without excitonic interaction Slide 10 (of 11)

  11. Summary • We have proposed a setup in which the effects of the CEP can be measured • We have observed CEP effects at intensities low enough as to be below carrier wave Rabi flopping • We have shown that they are fairly robust within a certain intensity range, and show no qualitative differences when excitons are included • Future work: More sophisticated band structure Slide 11 (of 11)

  12. Beyond the two band approximation Slide 12 (of 11)

  13. 2 Slide 13 (of 11)

  14. Phase maps in regime of CWRF 5  pulse 2.5  pulse Slide 14 (of 11)

  15. Phase maps in regime of CWRF in transmission 5  pulse 2.5  pulse Slide 15 (of 11)

  16. Nonlinear Field Spectra and Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics for small amplitudes =0 =/2 Slide 16 (of 11)

  17. Nonlinear Field Spectra and Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics for 10 fs pulses =0 =/2 Slide 17 (of 11)

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