Welcome!

1. Welcome! Baltimore Polytechnic Institute September 16, 2011 U.S. History Mr. Green

2. Agenda/Topics To Be Covered The students will describe the rise of new markets, entrepreneurs, and inventions and by analyzing their effect on the American economy in the early 19th century. The students will describe the institution of slavery and the rising movement to abolish it by identifying the major initiatives against slavery Warm-up Questions: Why did Americans believe in manifest destiny? Does Austin’s quote on page 133 confirm or contradict manifest destiny? Explain. Which of the following would most likely be a means of production-a radio, a computer, or an automobile? Explain

3. Manifest Destiny Ch. 3 Sec. 3 Settling the Frontier Expansion fever gripped the country in the 1840’s Believed their movement westward was predestined by God. Manifest Destiny used to describe the annexation of Texas in 1845. The U.S. was ordained to expand to the Pacific Ocean This Destiny was manifest, or obvious and inevitable

4. Economic Causes of migration abundance of land-farming/speculation Panic of 1837-start over merchants and manufacturers followed Settlers and Native Americans Tried to keep cultural traditions Assimilate into mainstream American culture A few fought to keep settlers out

5. Trails West Santa Fe Trail 780 mile from Independence MO to Santa Fe American traders Oregon Trail Mormon Migration Joseph Smith moved them from upstate NY to OH then IL and finally Salt Lake City Setting Boundaries the northwest border between Washington State and Canada was established at the 49th parallel from Rockies to Puget Sound

6. Texan Independence Latino and Native American populations terrorize Texas after escaping missions and forced labor Mexican Independence and Texan Land Grants Trade between Texas and the U.S. was made more favorable Mexico encouraged Americans to move to Texas Land grants created buzz to move to Texas Texas revolution New settlers did not stop slavery even though Mexico abolished it in 1829. Steven F. Austin petitioned for more self-rule as Mexico increased taxes and stopped importing of American goods.

7. War with Mexico Mexico not happy with the annexation of Texas into the U.S. President Polk urged war to bring in Texas and New Mexico and California Polk sent an ambassador with 25 million, but he was disrespected Polk sent Zachary Taylor to march to the Rio Grande River How did slavery impact the decision to go to war with Mexico?

8. War Begins Federal troops go into Mexican territory Mexican troops cross Rio Grande River and kill 11 U.S. soldiers “American blood upon American soil” How did the President use this to wage war with Mexico?

9. The Market Revolution Ch. 3 Sec. 4 pg. 144-149 Market Revolution people bought and sold goods rather than making them for themselves. Farmers began to practice specialization Workers spent their money on goods produced by other workers. Free enterprise helped to expand the U.S. economy private businesses and individuals control the means of production-factories, machines, and land to make profit What were these individuals called that risked their own money in the hopes of making large profits?

10. Inventions and Improvements Communication Samuel F. B. Morse Morse code-What is this? Identify the possible impacts of Morse code in the United States. Travel Steamboat Canals Railroads after the 1850’s Why did railroads replace the canal system as a means of transportation?

11. New Markets Link Regions NYC became the central link between American agriculture and Europe Manufacturing jobs began to increase-farming tools Northeast begins to industrialize causing people to move from the fertile soil of the Midwest to the Northeast

12. A Spiritual Awakening Inspires Reform Chapter 3 Section 5 The 2nd Great Awakening inspired spiritual reform through emotional meetings where revivalists urged individual salvation Unitarians and Transcendentalists had faith in the individual but emphasized reason over emotion African-American churches gave its members a place to worship , sense of community and the support to oppose slavery.

13. Slavery and Abolition White abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison alienates many whites with his radical views on slavery-What are his views? Frederick Douglass became an eloquent voice in the antislavery movement Nat Turner led a slave uprising that resulted in his execution Slaveholders tighten restrictions on slaves and staunchly oppose abolition

14. Women and Reform Women encourage to stay at home but some fight for equality abolition education reform Men oppose women’s abolition movement Women’s rights movement emerges Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott began the Seneca Falls Convention-Why? Sojourner Truth-sojourn (travel) arguing for abolition.

15. Changing Workplaces Lowell textile mills, page 147. Complete the following chart by reading the section on Changing Workplaces, p. 147-148

16. Homework Identify 8-10 events, actions, or decisions that negatively impacted the institution of slavery. Be sure to include the date and a brief description (one sentence) of each event, action, or decision. This is a graded assignment. Distribute study guide if anyone needs one