指導教授： 童曉儒 教授 學生：許益晨

1. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 8, NO. 4, APRIL 2009 Kumudu S. Munasinghe, Student Member, IEEE, and Abbas Jamalipour, Fellow, IEEE Interworked WiMAX-3G Cellular Data Networks:An Architecture for Mobility Management andPerformance Evaluation 指導教授： 童曉儒 教授 學生：許益晨

2. Outline • Introduction • IMS Based Session Management • WiMAX-3G Cellular Interworking • Performance Modeling • Numerical Results and Analysis • Conclusions and Future Work

3. Introduction • Mobile WiMAX networks are still in its infancy with many technical challenges lying ahead. • The lack of an infrastructure for the WiMAX Core Network (CN). • If mobile WiMAXis interworked with the already well established 3G cellularnetworks, that it maybecome an essential partner of the future 4G networks.

4. Introduction • Mobile IP (MIP) has been exploited as the mobility management mechanism in most of these designs. • The primary focus of this paper is to introduce novelarchitecture and investigate various performance measuressuch as • vertical handoff delay • transient packet loss • jitter • signaling cost relating to vertical handoff management.

5. IMS Based Session Management • The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is an architectural framework for delivering Internet Protocol (IP) multimedia services. • The user can connect to an IMS network in various ways, most of which use the standard Internet Protocol (IP). • When roaming , they can use IP and run Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) user agents

6. IMS Based Session Management • 使用者設備(User Equipment) • 無線網路存取網路(Radio Access Network • 核心網路(Core Network)

7. IMS Based Session Management • Proxy-CSCF (P-CSCF) is a SIP proxy that is the first point of contact for the IMS terminal. • Serving-CSCF (S-CSCF) is the central node of the signalling plane. It uses Diameter Cx and Dx interfaces to the HSS to download and upload user profiles — it has no local storage of the user. All necessary information is loaded from the HSS. • Interrogating-CSCF (I-CSCF) is another SIP function located at the edge of an administrative domain. Its IP address is published in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the domain , so that remote servers can find it, and use it as a forwarding point (e.g. registering) for SIP packets to this domain.

8. IMS Based Session Management

9. WiMAX-3G Cellular Interworking • Architectural Considerations Design will be primarily based on MIPv4 • 3GPP2’s IMS does not fully support inter-Packet Data Switching Node(PDSN) mobility for IPv6. • Eliminates the complexity of managing two IP addresses and enables IP mobility management transparently to the layers above.

10. WiMAX-3G Cellular Interworking • Interworking Architecture

11. Performance Modeling • Handoff Delay Analysis • A standard vertical handoff during mid-session mobility comprises of: D1 = link layer handoff delay D2 = movement detection delay D3 = address allocation delay D4 = session re-configuration delay D5 = packet re-transmission delay • D4 = Dw1 + Dw + Lw1 + Lw Dwl : total delay at the wireless Dw :total delay at the wired link Lwl :latency of the wireless link Lw :latency of the wired link.

12. Performance Modeling • Handoff Delay Analysis • M/M/1 queuing model has been applied to the wireless BS Dwl = 1/(μwl − λwl) Dwl = 1/(μCi − λwl) [channel i]

13. Performance Modeling • Handoff Delay Analysis

14. Performance Modeling • Packet Loss Analysis

15. Performance Modeling • Signaling Cost Analysis • P is the probability that each handoff will occur • S is the average size of a signaling message • Ha−b is the average number of hops between a and b

16. Performance Modeling • Signaling Cost Analysis • P1, the session arrival probability for an inter-network roaming MN between t0 and t2 ηis the network mobility rate

17. Performance Modeling • Signaling Cost Analysis

18. Performance Modeling • Signaling Cost Analysis

19. Numerical Results and Analysis

20. Numerical Results and Analysis

21. Numerical Results and Analysis

22. Numerical Results and Analysis

23. Numerical Results and Analysis

24. Conclusions and Future Work • A novel internetworking architecture for WiMAX and 3G Cellular networks and a detailed evaluation on its performance was presented. • Future works will concentrate on developing a common AAA framework and facilitating multiple network accessing.