Missouri Agri-business Development Team (MO ADT)

1. Missouri Agri-business Development Team (MO ADT)

2. Missouri ADT Concept Missouri NG personnel with agriculture expertise Enduring Missouri mission to Nangarhar Conducts sustained independent operations ADT I – Jan 08-Dec 08 ADT II – Dec 08-Nov 09 ADT III – Nov 09-Oct 10 Facilitate Nangarhar agriculture reconstruction and development

3. Mission – Intent – End State MISSION Missouri Agri-business Development Team (ADT) deploys to Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan and integrates non-kinetic agriculture reconstruction and development activities into 4th Brigade Combat Team, 4th Infantry Division counterinsurgency (COIN) operations to support the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. INTENTBegin reconstruction efforts at a pace that begins to:- Provide basic agricultural needs and services- Secure the safety of the food and fiber produced and consumed by the people- Assist in the development of sustainable value added enterprises that increase the economic well-being of the people END STATEThe government of Afghanistan has capacity to provide support to farmers in Nangarhar Province as the agricultural sector grows to become a viable participant in the world market for legitimate agricultural products.

4. Structure ADT Commander O5 XO NCOIC O4 E9 Agriculture Section HQ Section 12 personnel SECFOR 36 personnel Joint (11 Airmen) Ag Section Chief 1 Ag Section NCO 1 PPO 2 Watershed Management 3 Natural Resources Spec. 1 Ag Marketing Spec 1 Large Animal Vet 1 Engineer NCO 1 11

5. Partnering • Missouri Leaders & Partners • U.S. Senator Christopher Bond • Lincoln University • University of Missouri • Missouri Department of Agriculture • Missouri Farm Bureau • Department of Conservation • Afghan Leaders • Nangarhar Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock • Director: Engineer Safi • Functional Line Directors • District Extension Reps • Nangarhar Governor (Sherzai) • District Sub-Governors • Jalalabad University • Vet School Dean of Faculty • Ag Dept Dean of Faculty • Nangarhar Provincial Veterinarian • On-going Activities • KLE VTCs and meetings • Special topic presentation • Education drogram design • Discussion & idea exchange • Project Research & Design • Cold Storage • Alternative Power • Ministry of Agriculture “Field Day” • >1,000 progressive farmers and agriculture extension reps • Best practice sharing and way ahead discussion • Possibilities Worth Exploring • Short project development visits • Afghan key leader visit US • USAID and UNAMA involvement Long term empowerment

6. The Way Ahead • Focus Areas: • Address water and Irrigation in rural communities to increase production capacity • Address rural power for value-added processing to increase market capacity • Address Key Leader Engagement and education programs to develop Afghan “ownership” and sustainment capability • Address product sanitation and quality to improve market viability • Methods: • Exploit success of first Missouri ADT • Check Dam Watersheds • Solar Wells • Key Leader Engagement • Wheat Seed Distribution • Broaden project base • Micro Value Added Facilities • Cold Storage (Root Cellar) • Juicing and Canning • Slaughter • Rice Hulling • Grain Mill • Sugar Cane Refining • Karize reconstruction • Reforestation • Lower Watershed Check Dam Reservoirs • Apiaries • Complement other programs • PRT/STB CERP • USAID (LSI) • CNAT

7. Campaign PlanLast 150 Days • Packet Creation • Water management • Lower Watershed Chek Dam Reservoirs • Karize Restorations • Rural value-added processing • Cold Storage Facilities • Special projects • Wheat Seed and Fertilizer • Livestock De-worming • Employment Creation • NVDA Olive Farms • NVDA Citrus Farms • Grand Canal Sub-canal Repair • Self-help Projects • Quality Assurance • Upper Watershed Check Dams – round II • Micro-Hydro Grain Mills – next set • Slaughter Facilities – next set • Green Houses – next set • Sugar Refining Facilities – beyond design Dairy Collection • Apiaries • Poultry Key Tasks Main Effort • June- September: Packet Submission & Quality Assurance • October: Quality Assurance & RIP Preparation • November: TOA Leave for ADT III

8. Project Status

9. The Numbers 17 projects completed: $3,558,929 58 projects under construction: $6,574,526 61 projects in staffing : $11,899,163 60 projects under development : approx. $15 million  

10. Water Management • Most basic of three essential elements for near term Nangarhar agriculture development – water, power, roads • Projects are: • Mutually supporting • Environmentally friendly • Culturally – village and locality – sensitive • Building blocks for other programs and projects • Sustainable • Project Types • Upper watershed check-dams • Lower watershed check-dam reservoirs • Karize restoration • Irrigation Solar Wells

11. Representative Design 4.2m W x 4.6m H River Bed Macro-hydro Upper Watershed Check-dams • Key to subsequent watershed mgt • Reduce major downstream erosion • Slow silting of micro & macro-hydros • Refill local aquifer • Allow limited irrigation and vegetation • Gabion Construction Tributaries Representative Placement Narrow Channel Solid Rock Erosion Control Slope Adjusted Speed Control

12. 15 feet Stream Level 10-20 meters Stream Level Stream Level 18 feet Representative Diagrams 12 feet Stream Level 50-70 meters Check Dam 12 feet Stream Level Low Check Dam Canalizing Walls Lower Watershed Check-dams • Enhance erosion control • Refill aquifers; improve well & Kariz productivity • Maintain irrigation water • Support broad reforestation & re-vegetation • Easily maintained with local labor • Pools bulk water, passes balance for downstream water rights Increase irrigated land & crop production

13. Kariz Restoration Site Plan Long Section View Ground Level Stone Masonry Maint Shaft Under Ground Canal Canal Entrance Pond Section View Maintenance Shafts (15m apart) Water Storage 1 meter Pond 841m2 Water Flow 29 meters RCC floor-10cm Compacted Sand & Gravel • Underground canal from spring or well • Traditional Afghan irrigation method • Old structures (generally pre-Russian) destroyed during floods • Accent with better ponds to maintain irrigation water Increase irrigated land & crop production

14. Irrigate lands that current irrigation methods can’t reach Vast arid areas between Grand Canal and mountain ranges Fill reservoir during day; irrigate fields at night More sustainable pump power solution than generators 2” or 3” lines to avoid draining aquifer These are typically deeper than other wells in the Province. If not placed correctly may cause issues with near by wells. Solar Wells Original Land Simple Construction Irrigated Land Tank Reservoir Well Wheat Growing Solar Power

15. Micro-Value Added Facilities • Solar or micro-hydro powered • Rural community sized and located • COIN fight now • Targeted at community capabilities • Expandable indefinitely • Facilitates skills and entrepreneurial development • Fits within local community cultural and market framework • Project Types • Grain mills (current) • Enhance root cellar cold storage facilities (current) • Canning and juicing facilities (current) • Rice hulling facilities (future) • Sugar cane processing facilities (future) • Wheat seed cleaning and storage facilities (future)

16. Root Cellar Cold Storage • Use earth’s natural cooling ability (~60) • Built w/additional cooling (~32-40) • Excavated in hillside, ground or covered • Scaled for rural villages Stone Cellar Stone Cellar w/vents Solar Power • Can combine w/juicing and canning • As valuable as schools for rural agrarian community • Increased market value • Extended product availability Mounded Cellar Space saving storage Preserves fruits and vegetables up to weeks

17. Juicing and Canning Septic Tank Well Jar Fill Stove Cool Sinks Store Front Prep Tables Storage Bins Shelving • Family and village culture - what grows on the farm, stays on the farm • Surpluses sold at “processed” prices • Preserves independence and stability • Minimal equipment required • Can combine with root cellar cold storage • Solar or micro-hydro powered • Base system; facilitates entrepreneurialism Preserves fruits and vegetables up to years

18. MAIL Nursery Net House Purpose: to keep scion wood for genetic grafting disease- and insect-free. Can support up to 72 genetically improved scion wood trees. The nursery would be able to reach out into multiple provinces once it is established and producing. Can support lower costs and increase quality for newly established orchards. Each scion wood can produce cuttings for up to ten years, if properly maintained. The potential impact on the local area concerning forestry and orchards is in the hundreds of thousands of trees. Over a period of 10 years, the trees in this Nursery are capable of producing more than 5,000 direct grafts, each of which can reproduce many times that, once fruiting age is reached.

19. District Reforestation 2008 Project planted 15,000 saplings across 3 Districts ($25,000 US) 2009 project will plant saplings throughout 19 remaining Districts ($ US). Saplings planted will include fruit, nut, and fiber/wood product species. Benefits will include increased food production, possible village income sources, local sources of fuel wood and wood products, and erosion control. The species chosen are multipurpose species, most with the ability to fulfill multiple roles in the ecosystem, while being of value to the native people. The readily noticeable value to the local inhabitants will assist in their dedication to the survival and care for these trees.

20. Collection, quality and distribution problems that exist in Afghanistan being addressed with Seed Cleaning and Storage; Trucks and wagons used to transport product from field to facility and back Combines to increase harvest efficiency and decrease loss in fields Storage of raw grains and clean grains Centralized collection for raw seed and re-distribution of cleaned seed to farmers Record keeping of individual farmers production This will be a self sustaining seed bank for Clean Seed Seed Cleaning and Production Facility

21. This environment would provide each district the opportunity to study and monitor existing vegetation as well as study new vegetation that could potentially be grown in the region. This green house would be able to reach out to local farmers and consumers in the area, providing them with quality produce. This structure is designed to prevent insects from coming in contact with stock/donor plants. Through this isolation method, these green houses should be able to foster the production of quality fruit, and vegetables for local farmers and consumers in the area. Total Size: 15’x90’ District Green House

22. Fish Hatchery Over two hundred fish farms in Nangarhar Province. Small hatchery present cannot supply all of these fish farms. Pakistan-imported fingerlings experience high mortality (40-50%) due to travel and conditions. Overall increase of initial cost for Pakistan fingerlings is 80-100%. High demand for fish (daily import from Pakistan is 10.5 metric tons) Local Hatchery will reduce cost and mortality of fingerlings, while creating economic stimulus in the local economy, through jobs and lower food costs.

23. Health and Sanitation Projects • Micro-Slaughter facilities • Vet Clinics • De-worming of Livestock

24. Slaughter Facilities Well Water Tank Cattle Pen Head Cleaning Tables Skinning Cradles Viscera Tables Overhead Carcass Carrying Tracks Sheep & Goat Pen Blood Pit Floor Drain Blood Tank Septic Tank • Enclosed facility • Concrete floor & drains • Reliable clean water • Rails to lift carcass off ground • Solar and Passive Solar Power Typical Slaughter Site Typical Waste Scene Micro-Facility Layout Jalalabad’s Large Facility Passive Solar Water Heater Micro-Hydro Power Solar Power Sanitary means to slaughter livestock

25. Vet Clinics 8 meters Veranda Well Surgical Room Med Storage Doctor Office 13 meters Head Chute Exam Room • Basic Veterinary Services • Disease diagnosis • Artificial Insemination • Genetic record keeping • Basic surgery • Livestock care training • Nutrition information • Solar powered cooler for medicine storage • Basic surgical equipment set • Two motorcycles for off-site care • Head Chutes for ease of care Improved livestock genetics and health

26. Nangarhar Deworming • Deworm their cattle with a pour-on application • fight off the infestation of parasites • animals will be able to gain weight more quickly • produce better offspring Produce better, healthier cattle Apply Dewormer Current cattle of Nangarhar

27. Questions and Discussion