Disaster Management & DM Cycle

1. AbdusSattarNiazi Disaster Management & DM Cycle

2. REVIEW: • A disaster is a natural or man-made hazard resulting to physical damage or destruction, loss of life, or drastic change to the natural environment.

3. Disaster VSCalamity

4. Earthquake • Is an unexpected and rapid shaking of earth due to the breakage and shifting of underneath layers of earth.

5. Earthquake • Is an unexpected and rapid shaking of earth due to the breakage and shifting of underneath layers of earth.

6. Examples of Natural Calamities

7. Earthquake • Is an unexpected and rapid shaking of earth due to the breakage and shifting of underneath layers of earth.

8. Flood • Is an increased level of water due to heavy rain or any other cause.

9. Hail • Comes into existence when updrafts in the thunder clouds take the raindrops up towards the extremely colds regions in the atmosphere.

10. Wildfire -It happens when forest areas catches fire.

11. Storms • Rotating strong winds caused by a low pressure system from ocean currents.

12. Different Names of Storms according to origin: • Typhoon – Pacific ocean • Hurricane – Atlantic Ocean • Cyclones – Indian Ocean

13. Volcanic Eruption • Caused by pressure when gasses in the molted rock becomes intense.

14. PHILIPPINE DISASTERS • According to the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, the Philippines was the fourth most accident prone country in the world. Some 5 million Filipinos were killed or injured as a result of disasters or man-made calamities over a ten-year period (1992-2001). 

15. Worst Man-made Disaster • On July 12, 2000, Nearly 500 garbage scavengers who were living literally at the Payatas dumpsite in Quezon City were buried alive under tons of garbage when a 50-foot garbage mountain collapsed on their makeshift houses at the height of torrential rains. 

16. Worst Festival Tragedy • On July 2, 1993, a pagoda carrying hundreds of Catholic devotees during the annual pagoda festival in Bocaue, Bulacan sank into the muddy Bocaue River. About 279 people, including children, drowned in the incident. One victim, SajidBulig, died a hero after saving four children out of the river.

17. Tornado • A violent storm characterized with a rotating and funnel shaped cloud.

18. Worst Sea Accidents • In December 1987, some 4,341 people died when Dona Paz, an inter-island passenger ferry owned by Sulpicio Lines collided with an oil tanker off Mindoro Island. Sadly it was not to be the last sea tragedy in the Philippines. In 1988, around 250 people died when Dona Marilyn, another passenger ferry owned by Sulpicio Lines, sank.

19. Worst Air Accident • On April 19, 2000, some 131 people were killed when a commercial airplane from Manila crashed in Samal Island, Davao del Norte province (southern Mindanao). All the passengers and crew, including four infants, of Air Philippines Boeing 737-200 (Flight 541 from Manila) died in what is now considered the worst air tragedy in the Philippines.

20. Worst Terrorist Attacks • In April 1995, the Muslim extremist Abu Sayyaf (Bearers of the Sword) group raided the Christian town of Ipil in Zamboanga del Norte province and burned all its houses and establishments. The group also shot dead at least 54 residents of the town.

21. Worst Fires • On March 18, 1996 a fire at Ozone disco along Timog Avenue in Quezon City left 150 people dead and 90 others seriously injured. Around 350 young Filipinos were inside the bar when the fire struck. It was considered the worst nightclub fire since a blaze killed 164 people in Southgate, Kentucky in 1977. 

22. Worst Earthquake • On July 16, 1990, an earthquake that registered 7.7 on the Richter scale killed 1,700 people, injured 3,000 individuals and displaced 148,000 more in Luzon. Among the cities that sustained the worst damages were Baguio, Dagupan and Cabanatuan. 

23. Worst Typhoons and Flashfloods • Typhoon Thelma on November 5, 1991, a flashflood hit Ormoc City in Leyte province, killing at least 3,000 people and destroying the homes of 50,000 others.  • In September 1984, a typhoon Ike killed 1,300 persons while in 1995 typhoon Angela killed 700 people. • On August 3, 1999, heavy torrential rains caused a landslide that killed 58 people and buried over 100 houses at Cherry Hills Subsivision in Antipolo City.

24. Disaster Management • Disaster management is the discipline that involves preparing, warning, supporting and rebuilding societies when natural or man-made disasters occur. • It is the continuous process in an effort to avoid or minimize the impact of disasters resulting from hazards.

25. Disaster Management • Effective disaster management relies on thorough integration of emergency plans at all levels of government and non-government involvement.

26. Goals of Disaster Management • Avoid or reduce the potential losses from hazards • Assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims of disaster • Achieve rapid and effective recovery.

27. Disaster Management Cycle

28. Disaster Management Cycle • Illustrates the ongoing process by which the government and the private sector plan for and reduce the impact of disasters, react during and immediately following a disaster, and take steps to recover after a disaster has occurred.

29. Disaster Management Cycle • Appropriate actions at all points in the cycle lead to greater preparedness, better warnings, reduced vulnerability or the prevention of disasters during the next iteration of the cycle.

30. Disaster Management Cycle • The complete disaster management cycle includes the shaping of public policies and plans that either modify the causes of disasters or mitigate their effects on people, property, and infrastructure.

31. Disaster Management Cycle

32. Response • Includes actions taken to save lives, prevent damage to property, and to preserve the environment during emergencies or disasters. • It is the implementation of action plans. • Activities during disaster • Public warning systems, emergency operations, search and rescue • The response phase includes the mobilization of the necessary emergency services and first responders in the disaster area.

33. Recovery • Includes actions that assist a community to return to a sense of normalcy after a disaster. • Activities following a disaster • Ex.. Temporary housing, claims processing and grants, long term medical care and counselling • The aim of the recovery phase is to restore the affected area to its previous state.

34. Mitigation • Any activity that reduces either the chance of a hazard taking place or a hazard turning into disaster. • It includes building codes; zoning and land use management; regulations and safety codes; preventive health care; and public education. • Activities that reduces the effects of disaster • Mitigation efforts are attempts to prevent hazards from developing into disasters altogether or to reduce the effects of disasters. • it focuses on long-term measures for reducing or eliminating risk. • Mitigation measures can be structural or non-structural

35. Risk reduction • Anticipatory measures and actions that seek to avoid future risks as a result of a disaster.

36. Prevention • Avoiding a disaster at the eleventh hour. • Includes activities which actually eliminate or reduce the probability of disaster occurrence, or reduce the effects of unavoidable disasters.

37. Preparedness • Plans made to save lives or property, and help the response and rescue service operations. • This phase covers implementation/operation, early warning systems and capacity building so the population will react appropriately when an early warning is issued. • Activities prior to a disaster. • Ex. Preparedness plans, emergency exercises & training, warning systems • Preparedness is a continuous cycle of planning, managing, organizing, training, equipping, exercising, creating, monitoring, evaluating and improving activities to ensure effective coordination

38. Take Note! • The disaster management phases illustrated here do not always, or even generally, occur in isolation or in this precise order. Often phases of the cycle overlap and the length of each phase greatly depends on the severity of the disaster.

39. NDCC • The National Disaster Control Center (NDCC), was created on October 19, 1970, as the forerunner of the National Disaster Coordinating Council created under PD 1566. It serves as the highest policy-making body for disasters in the country and includes almost all Department Secretaries as members.

40. NDCC • It is headed by the Secretary of National Defence as Chairman. • The disaster coordinating councils (DCCs) are from the regional, provincial, city and municipal level; on the other hand, are composed of representatives of national government agencies operating at these levels and local officials concerned.

41. Thank Y u! International Association of Emergency ManagersRed Cross/Red CrescentUnited NationsWorld Bank International Recovery Platform