动词不定式

1. To do that sort of thing is foolish。 主语 动词不定式 I want to see you this evening. 宾语 All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语 We found a house to live in. 定语 状语 She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold waterafter the operation. 宾补

2. 作主语 To give up smoking is right. It is right to give up smoking. 试比较： It is impossible for you to persuade him. It is very kind of you to help me. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.

3. 动词不定式做宾语 1.某些及物动词:ask,agree,care, choose,demand,dare,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer, plan,prepare,pretend,promise, refuse,want,wish等不能用-ing形式作宾语，只能用动词不定式 Tom refused to lend me his pen.

4. 2.某些及物动词：begin,start,like, love,hate,continue,prefer可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语 I prefer to go to Paris by air. I prefer going to Paris by air.

5. 3.某些及物动词：forget,remember, try,regret,go on,mean等可用-ing也可用动词不定式作宾语，但表达的意思不同 I forget to bring my homework. I forget opening the windows.

6. 4.某些动词:tell,advise,show,teach, learn,know,decide,find out等，作其宾语的动词不定式前往往加一个疑问词 I don’t know how to cook. He told me how to get to the station.

7. 5.及物动词want,need,require等，当其主语是“物”时，表示“需要”，常用动词不定式的被动式作宾语5.及物动词want,need,require等，当其主语是“物”时，表示“需要”，常用动词不定式的被动式作宾语 Your bedroom needs to be cleaned. Your bedroom needs cleaning.

8. 6.介词后一般不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可用带疑问词的不定式6.介词后一般不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可用带疑问词的不定式 Marx gave some advice on how to learn English well. 但but,except后可跟不定式作宾语 The boss had no choice but to give in. 但当主要动词是do时，to省掉 They could do nothing but wait.

9. 作宾语 1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。 Fred didn’t have any money, so he decided to look for a job. 请注意； Karl Marx found it important to study the situation of Russia.

10. 作表语 My job is to teach English. 试比较； My job is teaching English.

11. 动词不定式做定语 动词不定式作定语要放在被修饰词后 Have you got any questions to ask? 如被修饰词和作定语的不定式没有直接的动宾关系，不定式后应有相应的介词 I have no chair to sit in.

12. 当句中有不定式的逻辑主语时，作定语的动词不定式用主动形式表被动当句中有不定式的逻辑主语时，作定语的动词不定式用主动形式表被动 I have got a lot of things to deal with. Have you got anything to eat?

13. 当征求对方是否有事需请求者去做时，作定语的不定式一般要用被动语态当征求对方是否有事需请求者去做时，作定语的不定式一般要用被动语态 “Would you please have a letter to be typed, manager?”asked the office worker.

14. 作定语 1. 你有什么要说的吗? Do you have anything to say? 2. Betty是第一个知道这真相的人 Betty was the first to know the truth

15. 动词不定式做状语 1.In order to和so as to…意义上没区别，但so as to…不能置于句首 2.adj/adv+enough to… 3.too+adj/adv+to…有肯定与否定 The child is too young to dress himself. 否定 She is too anxious to know the rusults.(ready/easy/eager/glad to)

16. 作状语 He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard. They jumped with joy to hear the news. I’m too tired to walk any further tonight. 目的状语. 原因状语. 结果状语

17. 作宾补 1. 她叫我呆在这儿。 She asked me to stay there. 2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。 Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.

18. 注意 A.有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listen to（二听）make, have, let（三让）see, watch, notice, observe（四看）. I heard them sing a pop song . The teacher made me answerthe question. We watched them play football .

19. 注意 B.动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加 not. My father decided not to take up the job. The teacher told us not to be late again.

20. 注意 C. 带疑问词的动词不定式在to 前加疑问词。 Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer. Can you tell me where to get the book?

21. 注意 D. 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词，只保留to。 A:Would you like to come to my party? B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party). Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。 Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).

22. 动词不定式的时态 不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。 ㈠.一般式( to do ). 1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.

23. 动词不定式的时态 ㈡.进行式( to be doing) 如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。 1. I am very glad to be working with you. 2. He is said to be coming.

24. 动词不定式的时态 ㈢.完成式（to have done) 如果谓语表示的动作发生在不定式之前。 1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.

25. 动词不定式的语态 ㈠.主动式( to do / to be doing /to have done) 当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者时. 1. We want to learn English well. • 2.Robert is said____abroad, but I didn’t know what country he studied in.(NMET99) • to have studied B.to study • C. made D. to make

26. 动词不定式的语态 ㈡.被动式( to be done / to have been done) 当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时. 1. He didn’t like to be laughed at. • 2. He claimed ____in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海98） • being badly treated B.treating badly • C. to be treated badlyD. to have been badly treated.

27. 高考题汇集： • The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier • ________ it more difficult. (MET99) • A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make • 2. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what ______ in my new job. (NMET2000) • A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects

28. 3. Charles Babbage is generally considered _____the first computer. (MET1998) • to invent B. inventing • C. to have invented C. having invented 4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _______ to carry all the way home. (MET2003) • much too heavy B. too much heavy • C. heavy too much D. too heavy much

29. 5. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______. (NMET95) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 6. Little Jim should love _____ to the theatre this evening. (MET 97) • to be taken B. to take • C. being taken D. taking

30. 7.There are five pairs ___,but I’m at a loss which to buy.(1999上海高考) • to be chosen    B. to choose from  • C. to choose  D. for choosing 8. ________late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. (2001年北京春季高考) A. To sleep  B. Sleeping  C. Sleep  D. Having sleep

31. 9. With a lot of difficult problems ________,the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (2002年上海春季高考) • settled B. settling • C.to settle D. being settled 10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_____in making the earth a better place to live. (2003上海春季高考) A.to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing

32. 11. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state run companies are trying ______their products more competitive. ( 2002上海春季高考) • to make B. making • C. to have made D.having made 12. The teacher asked us_______so much noise. (2003北京春季高考) A.don't make B. not make C. not making D. not to make

33. 练习 1. —The light in the office is still on. ---Oh, I forgot. A. turning it off B. turn it off C.. having turned it off D. to turn it off 2. She can’t help ______ the house because she’s busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. Cleaned D. being c leaned 3. Not everybody has the ability in public. A. of speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak

34. 4. Mary is always the first studentto answer the teacher’s questions in class. A. rising B. to rise C. rose D. risen 5.— Mum ,why do you always ask me to eat an egg every day? --- __enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting 6.—Would you be so kindus out? ---With pleasure. A. helping B. in helping C. help D. as to help

35. 7. Wet umbrellas are not allowedinto this hotel according to the rule. A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking 8. Robert is said _______ abroad, but I didn’t know what country he studied in. A to have studied B to study C to be studying D to have been studying • 9. In Australia he made a lot of friends ____a very practical knowledge of English. • get B. getting C. to get D. got

36. Extra exercises 1.Last summer I took a lesson on_____. A.how to make dresses B.how dresses be made C.how to be made dresses D.how dresses to be made A

37. A 2. She pretended_____ me when I passed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen

38. 3.Tom kept quiet about the accident_____ lose his job. A.so not as to B.so as not to C.so as to not D.not so as to B

39. 4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped____on a big rock by the side of the path. A.To have rested B.Resting C.To rest D.rest C

40. 5. “the light in the office is stil on.” “oh,I forgot____.”A.turning it off B.turn it off C.to turn it off D.having turned it off C

41. A 6.John was made____ the truck for a week as a punishment. A.To wash B.Washing C.Wash D.To be washing

42. B 7.Your chest needs____. You’d better have it_____ in the hospital. A.To be examined; examine B.To be examined; examined C.examining; examine D.Being examined; examined

43. A 8. I remembered___ the English novel at home yesterday forgetting _____ it to the library. A.leaving; to return B.To leave; return C.leaving; returning D.To leave; to return

44. 10. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 11. We agreed ___ here, but so far she hasn’t turned out yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 12. Paul doesn’t have to be made ________. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning